David S
Department of Neurology, Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, Canada.
J Neurocytol. 1988 Feb;17(1):131-44. doi: 10.1007/BF01735385.
A number of in vitro studies suggest that certain components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as the glycoprotein laminin, can promote neurite outgrowth. In the present study the presence of laminin and heparan sulphate proteoglycan, another ECM molecule, on CNS glial (astrocytes) and non-glial (leptomeningeal) cells in vitro was examined. In addition, the ability of these cells and laminin-coated tissue culture substrates to promote neurite outgrowth from developing mammalian cerebellar cortical neurons was also assayed. Leptomeningeal cells were found to be labelled much more intensely with antibodies against laminin and heparin sulphate proteoglycan than were astrocytes. However, the proportion of neurons extending neurites was fourfold greater on astrocyte monolayers than on leptomeninges, and twofold greater than that on laminin. In addition, the length of the neurites growing on astrocyte monolayers was three- to fourfold greater than that on laminin or leptomeninges. Neurite outgrowth on leptomeninges and laminin could not be enhanced by culturing in astrocyte conditioned medium. The ability of various antibodies to block neurite outgrowth on these monolayers was also studied. These results suggest that the robust neurite outgrowth from mammalian CNS neurons plated on astrocytes may be mediated via an astrocyte surface molecule distinct from laminin.
多项体外研究表明，细胞外基质（ECM）的某些成分，如糖蛋白层粘连蛋白，可促进神经突生长。在本研究中，检测了体外培养的中枢神经系统胶质细胞（星形胶质细胞）和非胶质细胞（软脑膜细胞）上是否存在层粘连蛋白和另一种细胞外基质分子硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖。此外，还测定了这些细胞和层粘连蛋白包被的组织培养底物促进发育中的哺乳动物小脑皮质神经元神经突生长的能力。结果发现，与星形胶质细胞相比，软脑膜细胞被抗层粘连蛋白和硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖抗体标记的强度要高得多。然而，在星形胶质细胞单层上延伸神经突的神经元比例比在软脑膜上高四倍，比在层粘连蛋白上高两倍。此外，在星形胶质细胞单层上生长的神经突长度比在层粘连蛋白或软脑膜上长三到四倍。在星形胶质细胞条件培养基中培养并不能增强软脑膜和层粘连蛋白上的神经突生长。还研究了各种抗体阻断这些单层上神经突生长的能力。这些结果表明，接种在星形胶质细胞上的哺乳动物中枢神经系统神经元强大的神经突生长可能是通过一种不同于层粘连蛋白的星形胶质细胞表面分子介导的。
