Böge Kerem, Hahn Eric, Cao Tien Duc, Fuchs Lukas Marian, Martensen Lara Kim, Schomerus Georg, Dettling Michael, Angermeyer Matthias, Nguyen Van Tuan, Ta Thi Minh Tam
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Hospital 103, Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2018 Nov 14;12:70. doi: 10.1186/s13033-018-0247-6. eCollection 2018.
In Vietnam, the mental health care infrastructure is on the verge of transformation with an increase in the demand for access to adequate and effective mental health care services. Public attitudes towards mental illness, as well as corresponding treatment options influence help-seeking behaviors of patients and caregivers, affecting the course of their treatment. This study assesses attitudes towards treatment options for depression and schizophrenia, as the two most common psychiatric disorders in Vietnam, accounting for at least 75% of all psychiatric inpatients.
A general population-based survey was conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam between April and August 2013. Participants received a description of a person with symptoms of either depression (n = 326) or schizophrenia (n = 403) and were asked to give recommendations for adequate sources of mental health support and treatment options. Multiple analyses on a single item level compared the likelihood of recommendation between schizophrenia and depression.
Overall, respondents recommended health care services, ranging from seeking mental health care professionals, psychotherapists, and psychiatrists for both disorders. Psychotherapy was the most favored treatment method, whereas further treatment options, such as concentration and relaxation exercises, meditation or yoga and psychotropic medication were also endorsed as helpful. For the schizophrenia vignette condition, psychotherapy, visiting a psychiatrist or psychotherapist received stronger endorsement rates as compared to the depression vignette. Furthermore, ECT, Feng Shui-based practices, praying and visiting natural healers were recommended less by respondents for the depression vignette in comparison with the schizophrenia vignette.
The Vietnamese public endorsed evidence-based treatment recommendations from a variety of treatments options. Differences in the treatment recommendations between depression and schizophrenia reflected the perceived severity of each disorder. Further developments of the Vietnamese mental health care system concerning mental health care providers, as well as the legal regulations surrounding the provision of psychotherapy are needed.
在越南，随着对获得充分且有效的精神卫生保健服务需求的增加，精神卫生保健基础设施正处于变革的边缘。公众对精神疾病的态度以及相应的治疗选择会影响患者及其照料者的求助行为，进而影响其治疗进程。本研究评估了对抑郁症和精神分裂症这两种越南最常见的精神疾病治疗选择的态度，这两种疾病占所有精神科住院患者的至少75%。
2013年4月至8月在越南河内进行了一项基于普通人群的调查。参与者收到了一份关于患有抑郁症（n = 326）或精神分裂症（n = 403）症状者的描述，并被要求就适当的精神卫生支持来源和治疗选择给出建议。在单个项目层面进行的多项分析比较了精神分裂症和抑郁症之间推荐的可能性。
总体而言，受访者推荐了卫生保健服务，包括为这两种疾病寻求精神卫生保健专业人员、心理治疗师和精神科医生。心理治疗是最受欢迎的治疗方法，而其他治疗选择，如专注和放松练习、冥想或瑜伽以及精神药物也被认为是有帮助的。对于精神分裂症案例情况，与抑郁症案例相比，心理治疗、拜访精神科医生或心理治疗师获得了更高的认可率。此外，与精神分裂症案例相比，受访者对抑郁症案例推荐电休克治疗、基于风水的做法、祈祷和拜访自然疗法治疗师的较少。
越南公众认可来自各种治疗选择的循证治疗建议。抑郁症和精神分裂症治疗建议的差异反映了每种疾病的感知严重程度。越南精神卫生保健系统在精神卫生保健提供者以及围绕心理治疗提供的法律法规方面需要进一步发展。
