Terando Adam J, Prado Sara G, Youngsteadt Elsa
U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center; Department of Applied Ecology, NC State University;
Department of Applied Ecology, NC State University.
J Vis Exp. 2018 Nov 6(141). doi: 10.3791/58273.
Low cost temperature sensors are increasingly used by ecologists to assess climatic variation and change on ecologically relevant scales. Although cost-effective, if not deployed with proper solar radiation shielding, the observations recorded from these sensors will be biased and inaccurate. Manufactured radiation shields are effective at minimizing this bias, but are expensive compared to the cost of these sensors. Here, we provide a detailed methodology for constructing a compact version of a previously described custom fabricated radiation shield, which is more accurate than other published shielding methods that attempt to minimize shield size or construction costs. The method requires very little material: corrugated plastic sheets, aluminum foil duct tape, and cable ties. One 15 cm and two 10 cm squares of corrugated plastic are used for each shield. After cutting, scoring, taping and stapling of the sheets, the 10 cm squares form the bottom two layers of the solar radiation shield, while the 15 cm square forms the top layer. The three sheets are held together with cable ties. This compact solar radiation shield can be suspended, or placed against any flat surface. Care must be taken to ensure that the shield is completely parallel to the ground to prevent direct solar radiation from reaching the sensor, possibly causing increased warm biases in sun-exposed sites in the morning and afternoon relative to the original, larger design. Even so, differences in recorded temperatures between the smaller, compact shield design and the original design were small (mean daytime bias = 0.06 °C). Construction costs are less than half of the original shield design, and the new design results in a less conspicuous instrument that may be advantageous in many field ecology settings.
生态学家越来越多地使用低成本温度传感器来评估生态相关尺度上的气候变化。尽管这些传感器具有成本效益，但如果没有适当的太阳辐射屏蔽装置，从这些传感器记录的观测数据将存在偏差且不准确。成品辐射屏蔽装置在将这种偏差降至最低方面很有效，但与这些传感器的成本相比却很昂贵。在此，我们提供了一种详细的方法，用于构建一个紧凑版的先前描述的定制辐射屏蔽装置，该装置比其他试图最小化屏蔽尺寸或建造成本的已发表屏蔽方法更准确。该方法所需材料极少：波纹塑料板、铝箔胶带和束线带。每个屏蔽装置使用一块15厘米见方和两块10厘米见方的波纹塑料。在对板材进行切割、刻痕、粘贴和装订后，10厘米见方的板材构成太阳辐射屏蔽装置的底部两层，而15厘米见方的板材构成顶层。这三层板材用束线带固定在一起。这种紧凑的太阳辐射屏蔽装置可以悬挂，也可以靠在任何平面上。必须注意确保屏蔽装置与地面完全平行，以防止太阳辐射直接照射到传感器上，这可能会导致在上午和下午阳光照射的地点相对于原来较大的设计出现更大的暖偏差。即便如此，较小的紧凑屏蔽设计与原始设计记录的温度差异很小（白天平均偏差 = 0.06°C）。建造成本不到原始屏蔽设计的一半，并且新设计的仪器不太引人注目，这在许多野外生态学环境中可能具有优势。
