Sato A, Yonekura I, Kaneko T, Koizumi T
Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Yamanashi.
Sangyo Igaku. 1988 Mar;30(2):85-96. doi: 10.1539/joh1959.30.85.
Organic solvents are a class of chemical substances that are widely used in large volume in various manufacturing plants. Due to their high lipophilicity, organic solvents may produce physicochemical damage to renal glomeruli and tubuli. Many reports have been published abroad, though only a few in Japan, on organic solvent-induced nephropathy such as Goodpasture syndrome, a form of renal damage mediated by anti-basement membrane antibodies. This article reviews the epidemiological studies published in the literature and stresses that organic solvent exposure is one of the etiological factors involved in the development of chronic nephropathy. At present in Japan there are 60,000 patients with terminal renal failure undergoing hemodialysis, 50,000 young men placed under observation each year for abuse of organic solvents, and one million workers exposed to organic solvents in factories. Attention should be focused on the occurrence of renal damage due to organic solvents in Japan.
有机溶剂是一类在各类制造工厂中大量广泛使用的化学物质。由于其高亲脂性，有机溶剂可能会对肾小球和肾小管产生物理化学损伤。国外已发表了许多关于有机溶剂所致肾病的报告，不过在日本此类报告较少，例如Goodpasture综合征，这是一种由抗基底膜抗体介导的肾损伤形式。本文回顾了文献中发表的流行病学研究，并强调有机溶剂暴露是慢性肾病发生的病因之一。目前在日本，有6万名终末期肾衰竭患者正在接受血液透析，每年有5万名年轻男性因滥用有机溶剂而接受观察，还有100万名工人在工厂接触有机溶剂。应关注日本因有机溶剂导致肾损伤的情况。
