Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Addiction. 2019 Apr;114(4):687-697. doi: 10.1111/add.14512. Epub 2019 Jan 1.
Few studies have explored how polygenic propensity to cannabis use unfolds across development, and no studies have yet examined this question in the context of environmental contributions such as peer cannabis use. Outlining the factors that contribute to progression from cannabis initiation to problem use over time may ultimately provide insights into mechanisms for targeted interventions. We sought to examine the relationships between polygenic liability for cannabis use, cannabis use trajectories from ages 12-30 years and perceived peer cannabis use at ages 12-17 years.
Mixed-effect logistic and linear regressions were used to examine associations between polygenic risk scores, cannabis use trajectory membership and perceived peer cannabis use.
United States.
From the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) study, a cohort of 1167 individuals aged 12-26 years at their baseline (i.e. first) interview.
Key measurements included life-time cannabis use (yes/no), frequency of past 12-month cannabis use, maximum life-time frequency of cannabis use, cannabis use disorder (using DSM-5 criteria) and perceived peer cannabis use. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were created using summary statistics from a large (n = 162 082) genome-wide association study (GWAS) of cannabis use.
Three trajectories reflecting no/low (n = 844), moderate (n = 137) and high (n = 186) use were identified. PRS were significantly associated with trajectory membership [P = 0.002-0.006, maximum conditional R = 1.4%, odds ratios (ORs) = 1.40-1.49]. Individuals who reported that most/all of their best friends used cannabis had significantly higher PRS than those who reported that none of their friends were users [OR = 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04, 1.75, P = 0.023]. Perceived peer use itself explained up to 11.3% of the variance in trajectory class membership (OR = 1.50-4.65). When peer cannabis use and the cannabis use PRS were entered into the model simultaneously, both the PRS and peer use continued to be significantly associated with class membership (P < 0.01).
Genetic propensity to cannabis use derived from heterogeneous samples appears to correlate with longitudinal increases in cannabis use frequency in young adults.
很少有研究探讨多基因倾向于大麻使用是如何随着时间的推移而发展的，也没有研究在同伴大麻使用等环境因素的背景下研究这个问题。阐明导致大麻使用开始到问题使用的进展的因素，最终可能有助于了解针对干预措施的机制。我们试图研究大麻使用多基因易感性与 12-30 岁大麻使用轨迹以及 12-17 岁时感知到的同伴大麻使用之间的关系。
混合效应逻辑和线性回归用于检查多基因风险评分、大麻使用轨迹成员和感知到的同伴大麻使用之间的关联。
美国。
来自酒精遗传学合作研究（COGA）的队列，该队列由 1167 名年龄在基线（即第一次）访谈时为 12-26 岁的个体组成。
关键测量包括终生大麻使用（是/否）、过去 12 个月大麻使用频率、最大终生大麻使用频率、大麻使用障碍（使用 DSM-5 标准）和感知到的同伴大麻使用。多基因风险评分（PRS）是使用来自大型（n=162082）大麻使用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的汇总统计数据创建的。
确定了三个轨迹，反映了无/低（n=844）、中度（n=137）和高（n=186）使用。PRS 与轨迹成员显著相关[P=0.002-0.006，最大条件 R=1.4%，优势比（OR）=1.40-1.49]。报告大多数/所有最好的朋友使用大麻的个体的 PRS 明显高于报告没有朋友使用的个体[OR=1.35，95%置信区间（CI）=1.04，1.75，P=0.023]。感知到的同伴使用本身可以解释轨迹类成员身份变化的高达 11.3%（OR=1.50-4.65）。当将同伴大麻使用和大麻使用 PRS 同时纳入模型时，PRS 和同伴使用都继续与类别成员身份显著相关（P<0.01）。
从异质样本中得出的大麻使用多基因倾向似乎与年轻人中大麻使用频率的纵向增加相关。
