Dequéant Bérengère, Pascal Quentin, Bilbault Héloïse, Dagher Elie, Boschiroli Maria-Laura, Cordonnier Nathalie, Reyes-Gomez Edouard
LHA-Laboniris, Oniris-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes, France (Dequéant).
Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Biopôle, Unité d'Histologie, d'Embryologie et d'Anatomie pathologique, Département des Sciences Biologiques et Pharmaceutiques, Maisons-Alfort, France (Pascal, Bilbault, Cordonnier, Reyes-Gomez).
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2019 Jan;31(1):133-136. doi: 10.1177/1040638718812137. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
A 6-y-old neutered male ferret ( Mustela putorius furo) was presented because of a 1-mo history of progressive weight loss, chronic cough, and hair loss. On clinical examination, the animal was coughing, slightly depressed, moderately hypothermic, and had bilateral epiphora. Thoracic radiography was suggestive of severe multinodular interstitial pneumonia. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and mesenteric and pancreaticoduodenal lymphadenopathy. Fine-needle aspiration of the pancreaticoduodenal lymph node, followed by routine Romanowsky and Ziehl-Neelsen stains, revealed numerous macrophages containing myriad acid-fast bacilli, leading to identification of mycobacteriosis. Autopsy and histologic examination confirmed the presence of disseminated, poorly defined, acid-fast, bacilli-rich granulomas in the pancreaticoduodenal and mesenteric lymph nodes, intestines, and lungs. Destaining of May-Grünwald/Giemsa-stained slides with alcohol, and then restaining with Ziehl-Neelsen, revealed acid-fast rods and avoided repeat tissue sampling without affecting the Ziehl-Neelsen stain quality and cytologic features. Tissue samples were submitted for a PCR assay targeting the heat shock protein gene ( hsp65) and revealed 100% homology with Mycobacterium genavense. We emphasize the use of special stains and PCR for identification of this potential zoonotic agent.
一只6岁已绝育的雄性雪貂（鼬属黑足鼬）因有1个月渐进性体重减轻、慢性咳嗽和脱毛病史前来就诊。临床检查时，该动物咳嗽、略显萎靡、体温中度降低，并有双侧流泪。胸部X线摄影提示严重的多结节间质性肺炎。腹部超声检查显示肝脾肿大以及肠系膜和胰十二指肠淋巴结病。对胰十二指肠淋巴结进行细针穿刺，随后进行常规的罗曼诺夫斯基染色和齐-尼氏染色，发现大量巨噬细胞内含有无数抗酸杆菌，从而确诊为分枝杆菌病。尸检和组织学检查证实，在胰十二指肠和肠系膜淋巴结、肠道及肺中存在播散性、边界不清、富含抗酸杆菌的肉芽肿。用酒精对经美-姬氏染色的玻片进行脱色，然后用齐-尼氏染色重新染色，可显示抗酸杆菌，且无需重复组织采样，同时不影响齐-尼氏染色质量和细胞学特征。将组织样本送去进行针对热休克蛋白基因（hsp65）的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测，结果显示与日内瓦分枝杆菌有100%的同源性。我们强调使用特殊染色和PCR来鉴定这种潜在的人畜共患病原体。
