Centre for Efficiency and Performance Engineering, School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
School of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Nov 23;18(12):4113. doi: 10.3390/s18124113.
Condition monitoring can reduce machine breakdown losses, increase productivity and operation safety, and therefore deliver significant benefits to many industries. The emergence of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with smart processing ability play an ever-growing role in online condition monitoring of machines. WSNs are cost-effective networking systems for machine condition monitoring. It avoids cable usage and eases system deployment in industry, which leads to significant savings. Powering the nodes is one of the major challenges for a true WSN system, especially when positioned at inaccessible or dangerous locations and in harsh environments. Promising energy harvesting technologies have attracted the attention of engineers because they convert microwatt or milliwatt level power from the environment to implement maintenance-free machine condition monitoring systems with WSNs. The motivation of this review is to investigate the energy sources, stimulate the application of energy harvesting based WSNs, and evaluate the improvement of energy harvesting systems for mechanical condition monitoring. This paper overviews the principles of a number of energy harvesting technologies applicable to industrial machines by investigating the power consumption of WSNs and the potential energy sources in mechanical systems. Many models or prototypes with different features are reviewed, especially in the mechanical field. Energy harvesting technologies are evaluated for further development according to the comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, a discussion of the challenges and potential future research of energy harvesting systems powering WSNs for machine condition monitoring is made.
状态监测可以减少机器故障损失，提高生产力和运行安全性，从而为许多行业带来显著的效益。具有智能处理能力的无线传感器网络 (WSN) 的出现，在机器的在线状态监测中发挥着越来越重要的作用。WSN 是用于机器状态监测的具有成本效益的网络系统。它避免了电缆的使用，并简化了工业中的系统部署，从而节省了大量成本。为节点供电是真正的 WSN 系统的主要挑战之一，特别是在难以接近或危险的位置以及恶劣的环境中。有前途的能量收集技术引起了工程师们的关注，因为它们可以将微瓦或毫瓦级的环境功率转换为 WSN，实现无需维护的机器状态监测系统。本综述的动机是调查能源来源，激发基于能量收集的 WSN 的应用，并评估用于机械状态监测的能量收集系统的改进。本文通过调查 WSN 的功耗和机械系统中的潜在能源，概述了适用于工业机器的多种能量收集技术的原理。综述了许多具有不同特点的模型或原型，特别是在机械领域。根据它们的优缺点进行比较，对能量收集技术进行了进一步开发的评估。最后，讨论了为机器状态监测的 WSN 供电的能量收集系统的挑战和潜在的未来研究。
