a Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics , Columbia University , New York , NY , USA.
Cell Cycle. 2018;17(23):2520-2530. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1553355. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Meiosis is the basis for sexual reproduction and is marked by the sequential reduction of chromosome number during successive cell cycles, resulting in four haploid gametes. A central component of the meiotic program is the formation and repair of programmed double strand breaks. Recombination-driven repair of these meiotic breaks differs from recombination during mitosis in that meiotic breaks are preferentially repaired using the homologous chromosomes in a process known as homolog bias. Homolog bias allows for physical interactions between homologous chromosomes that are required for proper chromosome segregation, and the formation of crossover products ensuring genetic diversity in progeny. An important aspect of meiosis in the differential regulation of the two eukaryotic RecA homologs, Rad51 and Dmc1. In this review we will discuss the relationship between biological programs designed to regulate recombinase function.
减数分裂是有性生殖的基础，其特征是在连续的细胞周期中染色体数目的顺序减少，导致四个单倍体配子。减数分裂程序的一个核心组成部分是有丝分裂的形成和修复。这些减数分裂断裂的重组驱动修复不同于有丝分裂期间的重组，因为减数分裂断裂优先使用同源染色体进行修复，这一过程称为同源偏爱。同源偏爱允许同源染色体之间发生物理相互作用，这是正确的染色体分离所必需的，并且形成交叉产物确保了后代的遗传多样性。在两个真核 RecA 同源物 Rad51 和 Dmc1 的差异调节中，减数分裂的一个重要方面是调节重组酶功能的生物学程序。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论旨在调节重组酶功能的生物学程序之间的关系。
