Mucha Anne, Fedor Sheri, DeMarco Danielle
UPMC Center for Rehabilitation Services, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Inova Physical Therapy Center, Fairfax, VA, United States.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;158:135-144. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63954-7.00014-8.
The assessment and treatment of sport-related concussion (SRC) often requires a multifaceted approach. Vestibular dysfunction represents an important profile of symptoms and pathology following SRC, with high prevalence and association with prolonged recovery. Signs and symptoms of vestibular dysfunction may include dizziness, vertigo, disequilibrium, nausea, and visual impairment. Identifying the central and peripheral vestibular mechanisms responsible for pathology can aid in management of SRC. The most common vestibular disturbances after SRC include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibulo-ocular reflex impairment, visual motion sensitivity, and balance impairment. A variety of evidence-based screening and assessment tools can help to identify the various types of vestibular pathology in SRC. When vestibular dysfunction is identified, there is emerging support for applying targeted vestibular rehabilitation to manage this condition.
与运动相关的脑震荡（SRC）的评估和治疗通常需要多方面的方法。前庭功能障碍是SRC后症状和病理的一个重要表现，其患病率高且与恢复时间延长有关。前庭功能障碍的体征和症状可能包括头晕、眩晕、失衡、恶心和视力障碍。确定导致病理的中枢和外周前庭机制有助于SRC的管理。SRC后最常见的前庭障碍包括良性阵发性位置性眩晕、前庭眼反射受损、视觉运动敏感性和平衡受损。各种基于证据的筛查和评估工具有助于识别SRC中各种类型的前庭病理。当前庭功能障碍被确定时，越来越多的支持将有针对性的前庭康复应用于管理这种情况。
