Insitituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC-Hospital Universitario V. del Rocío, Seville, Spain.
Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1106:1-10. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-00737-9_1.
Prefoldin is a co-chaperone that evolutionarily originates in archaea, is universally present in all eukaryotes and acts as a co-chaperone by facilitating the supply of unfolded or partially folded substrates to class II chaperonins. Eukaryotic prefoldin is known mainly for its functional relevance in the cytoplasmic folding of actin and tubulin monomers during cytoskeleton assembly. However, the role of prefoldin in chaperonin-mediated folding is not restricted to cytoskeleton components, but extends to both the assembly of other cytoplasmic complexes and the maintenance of functional proteins by avoiding protein aggregation and facilitating proteolytic degradation. Evolution has favoured the diversification of prefoldin subunits, and has allowed the so-called prefoldin-like complex, with specialised functions, to appear. Subunits of both canonical and prefoldin-like complexes have also been found in the nucleus of yeast and metazoan cells, where they have been functionally connected with different gene expression steps. Plant prefoldin has also been detected in the nucleus and is physically associated with a gene regulator. Here we summarise information available on the functional involvement of prefoldin in gene expression, and discuss the implications of these results for the relationship between prefoldin structure and function.
原核生物伴侣 Prefoldin 普遍存在于所有真核生物中，是一种共伴侣，通过促进未折叠或部分折叠底物向 II 类伴侣素的供应来发挥作用。真核生物的 Prefoldin 主要因其在细胞骨架组装过程中细胞质中肌动蛋白和微管蛋白单体折叠的功能相关性而闻名。然而，Prefoldin 在伴侣素介导的折叠中的作用不仅限于细胞骨架成分，还扩展到其他细胞质复合物的组装以及通过避免蛋白质聚集和促进蛋白水解降解来维持功能性蛋白质。进化促进了 Prefoldin 亚基的多样化，并允许出现具有特殊功能的所谓 Prefoldin 样复合物。经典和 Prefoldin 样复合物的亚基也在酵母和后生动物细胞的核中被发现，在那里它们与不同的基因表达步骤在功能上相关联。植物 Prefoldin 也已在核中被检测到，并与基因调节剂发生物理关联。在这里，我们总结了 Prefoldin 在基因表达中功能参与的相关信息，并讨论了这些结果对 Prefoldin 结构和功能关系的影响。
