Wang Qunying, Li Qing, Yasir Akram M, Ali Safdar, Nie Jun, Zhu Xiaoqun
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China.
Langmuir. 2018 Dec 26;34(51):15700-15707. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03270. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
The development of the oil industry brings the critical problem of ocean pollution by oil spill or fossil fuels. The use of materials for water/oil separation is one of the effective approaches to solve this crisis. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been used to prepare water/oil separation materials. Currently, glutaraldehyde has been employed as the cross-linking agent, which is well known to be toxic and environmentally unfriendly. Moreover, it is difficult to deal with the disposal of the Across-linked material. Here, we propose a strategy of fabricating macroporous material which was prepared by PVA and sodium silicate (NaSiO) in aqueous solution. Following through with the one-step method of sol-gel reaction of hydroxyl groups with trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane, the low surface energy substance was grafted on the macroporous material and a super-hydrophobic macroporous membrane for water/oil separation was prepared. As oil sorbent, the as-prepared dried super-hydrophobic PVA/NaSiO porous materials (PSD6S) have the adsorption capacity of 1.8-7.0 g/g for oil uptake, which depends on the type of oil liquid. Typically, the separation efficiency of this material could reach more than 99% even after 10 times of use without the help of ambient pressure. It is noteworthy that the as-prepared samples could be easily decomposable and dissolvable completely in acidic medium at a rapid rate.
石油工业的发展带来了石油泄漏或化石燃料造成海洋污染的关键问题。使用用于水/油分离的材料是解决这一危机的有效方法之一。聚乙烯醇（PVA）已被用于制备水/油分离材料。目前，戊二醛被用作交联剂，众所周知，它有毒且对环境不友好。此外，交联材料的处理也很困难。在此，我们提出了一种在水溶液中由PVA和硅酸钠（NaSiO）制备大孔材料的策略。通过羟基与三甲氧基（十八烷基）硅烷的一步溶胶-凝胶反应，将低表面能物质接枝到大孔材料上，制备了用于水/油分离的超疏水大孔膜。作为吸油剂，所制备的干燥超疏水PVA/NaSiO多孔材料（PSD6S）对油的吸附容量为1.8-7.0 g/g，这取决于油液的类型。通常，即使在没有环境压力帮助的情况下使用10次后，该材料的分离效率仍可达到99%以上。值得注意的是，所制备的样品在酸性介质中易于快速完全分解和溶解。
