Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Bioessays. 2019 Jan;41(1):e1800165. doi: 10.1002/bies.201800165. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Focal adhesions disassemble during mitosis, but surprisingly little is known about how these structures respond to other phases of the cell cycle. Three recent papers reveal unexpected results as they examine adhesions through the cell cycle. A biphasic response is detected where focal adhesions grow during S phase before disassembly begins early in G2. In M phase, activated integrins at the tips of retraction fibers anchor mitotic cells, but these adhesions lack the defining components of focal adhesions, such as talin, paxillin, and zyxin. Re-examining cell-matrix adhesion reveals reticular adhesions, a new class of adhesion. These αVβ5 integrin-mediated adhesions also lack conventional focal adhesion components and anchor mitotic cells to the extracellular matrix. As reviewed here, these studies present insight into how adhesion complexes vary through the cell cycle, and how unconventional adhesions maintain attachment during mitosis while providing spatial memory to guide daughter cell re-spreading after cell division.
焦点黏附在有丝分裂期间解体，但令人惊讶的是，人们对这些结构如何响应细胞周期的其他阶段知之甚少。最近的三篇论文揭示了出人意料的结果，因为它们通过细胞周期来检查黏附。人们检测到一种双相反应，即焦点黏附在 S 期生长，然后在 G2 早期开始解体。在 M 期，回缩纤维尖端的活化整合素锚定有丝分裂细胞，但这些黏附缺乏焦点黏附的特征成分，如 talin、paxillin 和 zyxin。重新检查细胞-基质黏附揭示了网状黏附，这是一种新的黏附类型。这些αVβ5 整合素介导的黏附也缺乏传统的焦点黏附成分，并将有丝分裂细胞锚定到细胞外基质上。正如这里所综述的，这些研究提供了对黏附复合物如何在细胞周期中变化的深入了解，以及非传统黏附如何在有丝分裂期间保持附着，同时提供空间记忆，以指导细胞分裂后子细胞的重新扩展。
