a Marine Medicine Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
b Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Biomedical Innovations , Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2018 Oct;40(5):359-367. doi: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1510961. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic agent which causes severe abnormalities in an airway system such as necrosis and inflammation, oxidative stress, chronic bronchitis, shortness of breath, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although possible mechanisms of SM toxicity have been extensively considered, there is still need to find an appropriate clinical treatment to decrease chronic lung injuries caused by SM. Due to extensive progresses and achievement in tissue repairing through stem cells therapy, the importance of cell therapy for the treatment of lung injuries has been increased. However, several factors such as types of stem cells, necessary conditions for growth and proliferation of stem cells, and their homing into the target tissues are considered as the most important problems in this issue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a class of multipotent stem cells with proliferative and self-renewal capacity which are able to differentiate into different cell lines such as lung epithelial cells. They have a potential repairing and immune modulatory properties which make them as a good candidate for the regeneration of bronchioles tract in SM-exposed patients. Unlike chemical drugs, the differentiation and high-level safety properties of MSCs can be considered as a new strategy for the treatment of SM-injured patients with pulmonary complications. This review aims to consider the therapeutic effects of MSCs in the treatment of SM-induced pulmonary injuries in both animals and humans.
芥子气（SM）是一种有毒物质，会导致气道系统严重异常，如坏死和炎症、氧化应激、慢性支气管炎、呼吸急促和慢性阻塞性肺疾病。尽管 SM 毒性的可能机制已被广泛研究，但仍需要找到一种合适的临床治疗方法来减少 SM 引起的慢性肺损伤。由于干细胞治疗在组织修复方面取得了广泛的进展和成就，细胞治疗在治疗肺损伤方面的重要性有所增加。然而，一些因素，如干细胞的类型、干细胞生长和增殖的必要条件以及它们归巢到靶组织的能力，被认为是这个问题中最重要的问题。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一类具有增殖和自我更新能力的多能干细胞，能够分化为不同的细胞系，如肺上皮细胞。它们具有潜在的修复和免疫调节特性，使其成为 SM 暴露患者支气管道再生的良好候选者。与化学药物不同，MSCs 的分化和高水平的安全性可以被认为是治疗 SM 损伤伴有肺部并发症患者的一种新策略。本综述旨在考虑 MSCs 在治疗 SM 诱导的动物和人类肺部损伤中的治疗效果。
