Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Toxicol Lett. 2020 Feb 1;319:168-174. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.026. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
Sulfur mustard and related vesicants are cytotoxic alkylating agents that cause severe damage to the respiratory tract. Injury is progressive leading, over time, to asthma, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, airway stenosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. As there are no specific therapeutics available for victims of mustard gas poisoning, current clinical treatments mostly provide only symptomatic relief. In this article, the long-term effects of mustards on the respiratory tract are described in humans and experimental animal models in an effort to define cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to lung injury and disease pathogenesis. A better understanding of mechanisms underlying pulmonary toxicity induced by mustards may help in identifying potential targets for the development of effective clinical therapeutics aimed at mitigating their adverse effects.
硫芥和相关的糜烂性毒剂是细胞毒性烷化剂，会对呼吸道造成严重损伤。损伤是进行性的，随着时间的推移，会导致哮喘、支气管炎、支气管扩张、气道狭窄和肺纤维化。由于没有针对芥子气中毒患者的特效疗法，目前的临床治疗大多只能提供症状缓解。本文描述了在人类和实验动物模型中，芥子气对呼吸道的长期影响，努力确定导致肺损伤和疾病发病机制的细胞和分子机制。更好地了解芥子气引起的肺毒性的机制可能有助于确定潜在的靶点，以开发有效的临床治疗方法，减轻其不良影响。
