Metcalf D
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Exp Hematol. 1988 Oct;16(9):794-800.
Levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were 30- to 40-fold higher in the urine of male GM-CSF transgenic mice than in female transgenic mice, despite uniform elevations in both sexes of serum GM-CSF levels. Male transgenic bladder tissue produced two to four times more GM-CSF in vitro than female transgenic or control bladder tissue, but no sex differences were observed in the production of GM-CSF in vitro by kidney tissue. No sex differences were observed in the serum half-lives of native or recombinant GM-CSF in C57BL or littermate control mice, and the half-lives of recombinant GM-CSF were shorter than those of native GM-CSF. The studies indicated that some GM-CSF in urine can represent plasma GM-CSF cleared by the kidney, and native GM-CSF was cleared to the urine more efficiently than recombinant GM-CSF. Female transgenic mice exhibited a subnormal capacity to clear injected native GM-CSF to the urine. Although granulomas were present in the bladder wall of some transgenic mice, their presence did not correlate with the GM-CSF levels in the urine.
粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）转基因雄性小鼠尿液中的GM-CSF水平比转基因雌性小鼠高30至40倍，尽管两性血清GM-CSF水平均有一致升高。雄性转基因膀胱组织在体外产生的GM-CSF比雌性转基因或对照膀胱组织多两到四倍，但肾组织在体外产生GM-CSF未观察到性别差异。在C57或同窝对照小鼠中，天然或重组GM-CSF的血清半衰期未观察到性别差异，且重组GM-CSF的半衰期比天然GM-CSF短。研究表明，尿液中的一些GM-CSF可能代表肾脏清除的血浆GM-CSF，天然GM-CSF比重组GM-CSF更有效地清除到尿液中。雌性转基因小鼠将注射的天然GM-CSF清除到尿液中的能力低于正常水平。虽然一些转基因小鼠的膀胱壁存在肉芽肿，但其存在与尿液中的GM-CSF水平无关。
