Medlin C, Skinner J D
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1988 Oct;88(10):1250-7.
This article provides an overview of five decades (1936 through 1987) of publications on individual dietary assessment methodology, such as dietary histories, estimated and weighed food records, food frequency questionnaires, and 24-hour recalls. Representative studies were selected to characterize data collection and analyses methods of each decade. During the 1930s and 1940s, dietary intake methodology was in its initial stages; popular methods were the dietary history technique and lengthy food records. The 1950s were characterized by extensive comparisons of methodologies, which now often included shorter-term food records and 24-hour recalls. The 1960s ushered in large scale epidemiological studies, the food frequency technique, and use of computer technology for computation; the 24-hour recall was still widely used in that decade and the next. Advances of the 1970s and 1980s include expansion of nutrient databases, sophisticated statistical techniques for analysis, and refinement of data collection methodologies for analysis, and refinement of data collection methodologies. The chronological approach used in this review not only highlights progress of each decade but also identifies the repetitive efforts of some studies. The need for creative approaches is emphasized as current research needs are identified.
本文概述了五十年来（1936年至1987年）有关个体饮食评估方法的出版物，如饮食史、估计和称重食物记录、食物频率问卷以及24小时回顾法。选取了具有代表性的研究来描述每个十年的数据收集和分析方法。在20世纪30年代和40年代，饮食摄入量评估方法尚处于初始阶段；常用方法是饮食史技术和冗长的食物记录。20世纪50年代的特点是对各种方法进行了广泛比较，此时通常还包括短期食物记录和24小时回顾法。20世纪60年代迎来了大规模流行病学研究、食物频率技术以及计算机技术用于计算；24小时回顾法在该十年及之后仍被广泛使用。20世纪70年代和80年代的进展包括营养数据库的扩展、复杂的统计分析技术以及数据收集方法的完善。本综述采用的按时间顺序的方法不仅突出了每个十年的进展，还指出了一些研究的重复努力。随着当前研究需求的确定，强调了创新方法的必要性。
