Subar Amy F, Thompson Frances E, Potischman Nancy, Forsyth Barbara H, Buday Richard, Richards Debbie, McNutt Suzanne, Hull Stephen G, Guenther Patricia M, Schatzkin Arthur, Baranowski Tom
National Cancer Institute, Risk Factor Monitoring and Methods Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2007 Jun;107(6):1002-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.03.007.
Twenty-four-hour dietary recalls are used to collect high-quality dietary data. Because they require highly trained interviewers, recalls are expensive and impractical for large-scale nutrition research, leading to the use of food frequency questionnaires. We are developing a computer-based, self-administered 24-hour dietary recall for use by adults. Our goal is an easy-to-use, low-cost, publicly available, Web-enabled instrument that will include elements of the Automated Multiple Pass Method developed by the US Department of Agriculture, which uses five passes to enhance recall. The initial pass is called the "quick list" and allows respondents to report foods consumed the previous day freely, in any order, and without detail. Using a crossover design, we conducted initial formative pilot testing among 18 adults in a self-administered computer environment. We tested two versions of a "quick list" (the first Automated Multiple Pass Method pass) for remembering foods consumed the previous day: "unstructured" and "meal-based." Respondents showed a strong preference for the meal-based version (13 of 18), although positive features of both were identified. Chronological reporting was most common, although many foods were sporadically reported out of order. Versions did not appreciably differ in number of foods reported, moved, or deleted. Usability issues and preferences were also identified. If these developmental efforts prove successful, the use of affordable automated recalls could be valuable in clarifying diet-disease associations in observational epidemiologic studies and measuring dietary compliance in clinical trials. This pilot work illustrates the usefulness of formative cognitive and usability testing for questionnaire and software development.
24小时膳食回顾法用于收集高质量的膳食数据。由于这种方法需要训练有素的访谈人员，所以对于大规模营养研究来说成本高昂且不切实际，这就导致了食物频率问卷的使用。我们正在开发一种基于计算机的、供成年人自行填写的24小时膳食回顾法。我们的目标是开发一种易于使用、低成本、公开可用且支持网络的工具，该工具将纳入美国农业部开发的自动多轮法的要素，该方法通过五轮来加强回顾。第一轮被称为“快速列表”，允许受访者自由报告前一天食用的食物，顺序不限，也无需详述。我们采用交叉设计，在一个自行填写的计算机环境中对18名成年人进行了初步的形成性试点测试。我们测试了两种“快速列表”版本（自动多轮法的第一轮），用于回忆前一天食用的食物：“无结构的”和“基于餐食的”。尽管两种版本都有积极的特点，但受访者对基于餐食的版本表现出强烈的偏好（18人中有13人）。按时间顺序报告最为常见，不过许多食物是偶尔无序报告的。两个版本在报告、移动或删除的食物数量上没有明显差异。我们还确定了可用性问题和偏好。如果这些开发工作取得成功，那么使用经济实惠的自动回顾法在阐明观察性流行病学研究中的饮食与疾病关联以及测量临床试验中的饮食依从性方面可能会很有价值。这项试点工作说明了形成性认知和可用性测试在问卷和软件开发中的有用性。
