Verhoeven David
Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames , Iowa.
Viral Immunol. 2019 Mar;32(2):76-83. doi: 10.1089/vim.2018.0121. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a very frequent viral respiratory pathogen of the young (<5 years old) with a significant portion of young toddlers having been infected before 2 years of age. Although we understand that some of the morbidity associated with RSV in neonates is due to immunological maturation that favors immunosuppression over antiviral innate and/or adaptive immune responses, the rapid development of the immune system right after birth suggests that each age group (newborn, early infant, older infant, toddler, and older) may respond to the virus in different ways. In this study, we summarize the morbidity associated with infection in young children in the context of immunological maturation of monocytes/macrophages and the ramifications for poor innate control of viral pathogenesis. We also summarize key mechanisms that contribute to the diminished antiviral innate immune responses of these young children.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是幼儿（<5岁）中非常常见的病毒性呼吸道病原体，相当一部分幼儿在2岁之前就已感染。尽管我们知道新生儿中与RSV相关的一些发病率是由于免疫成熟有利于免疫抑制而非抗病毒固有和/或适应性免疫反应，但出生后免疫系统的快速发育表明每个年龄组（新生儿、早期婴儿、较大婴儿、幼儿和较大儿童）可能以不同方式对该病毒作出反应。在本研究中，我们在单核细胞/巨噬细胞免疫成熟的背景下总结了幼儿感染相关的发病率以及对病毒发病机制固有控制不佳的影响。我们还总结了导致这些幼儿抗病毒固有免疫反应减弱的关键机制。
