Opt Lett. 2018 Dec 1;43(23):5757-5760. doi: 10.1364/OL.43.005757.
Polarization states of light, represented by different points on a Poincaré sphere, can be readily analyzed for a Gaussian beam by a combination of wave plates and polarizers. However, this method cannot be extended to higher-order Poincaré spheres and complex polarization patterns produced by coherent superpositions of vector vortex (VV) beams. We demonstrate the visualization of complex polarization patterns by imprinting them onto a solid surface in the form of periodic nano-gratings oriented parallel to the local structure of the electric field of light. We design unconventional surface structures by controlling the superposition of VV beams. Our method is of potential interest to the production of sub-wavelength nano-structures.
光的偏振态可以用不同的点表示在庞加莱球面上，对于高斯光束，通过波片和偏振器的组合可以很容易地进行分析。然而，这种方法不能扩展到更高阶的庞加莱球和由矢量涡旋（VV）光束相干叠加产生的复杂偏振模式。我们通过将其压印到与光的电场的局部结构平行的周期性纳米光栅的形式在固体表面上显示出复杂的偏振模式。我们通过控制 VV 光束的叠加来设计非常规的表面结构。我们的方法对于产生亚波长纳米结构具有潜在的兴趣。
