Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, Texas.
Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, Texas.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019 Jul;81(1):23-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.10.072. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
In 1964, the first human oncovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, was identified in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Since then, 6 other human oncoviruses have been identified: human papillomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, hepatitis B and C viruses, human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1, and human herpesvirus-8. These viruses are causally linked to 12% of all cancers, many of which have mucocutaneous manifestations. In addition, oncoviruses are associated with multiple benign mucocutaneous diseases. Research regarding the pathogenic mechanisms of oncoviruses and virus-specific treatment and prevention is rapidly evolving. Preventative vaccines for human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus are already available. This review discusses the mucocutaneous manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of oncovirus-related diseases. The first article in this continuing medical education series focuses on diseases associated with human papillomavirus and Merkel cell polyomavirus, while the second article in the series focuses on diseases associated with hepatitis B and C viruses, human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1, human herpesvirus-8, and Epstein-Barr virus.
1964 年，人类第一种致癌病毒——EB 病毒在伯基特淋巴瘤细胞中被发现。此后，又发现了另外 6 种人类致癌病毒：人乳头瘤病毒、默克尔细胞多瘤病毒、乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒、人类 T 细胞嗜淋巴细胞病毒-1 以及人类疱疹病毒-8。这些病毒与 12%的所有癌症有关，其中许多癌症有黏膜皮肤表现。此外，致癌病毒还与多种良性黏膜疾病有关。关于致癌病毒的发病机制以及病毒特异性治疗和预防的研究正在迅速发展。针对人乳头瘤病毒和乙型肝炎病毒的预防性疫苗已经问世。本文讨论了与致癌病毒相关疾病的黏膜皮肤表现、发病机制、诊断、治疗和预防。本继续教育系列的第一篇文章重点介绍了与人乳头瘤病毒和默克尔细胞多瘤病毒相关的疾病，而该系列的第二篇文章则重点介绍了与乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒、人类 T 细胞嗜淋巴细胞病毒-1、人类疱疹病毒-8 和 EB 病毒相关的疾病。
