Hypertension in Africa Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Hypertension in Africa Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; MRC Extramural Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Int J Cardiol. 2019 Feb 1;276:218-223. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.11.116. Epub 2018 Nov 24.
Due to the known contribution of excess sodium intake on elevations in blood pressure, salt reduction regulations are being introduced in countries all over the world. To study the contribution of sodium intake on cardiovascular disease development, we determined whether left ventricular mass associates with sodium excretion in young adults free from overt cardiovascular disease and those with masked hypertension.
We included 681 participants (41% men and 50% black) in a cross-sectional analysis from the African-PREDICT study with complete 24-hour urine collections and successful ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (>70% valid readings). The participants were categorized as normotensive (n = 534) or masked hypertensive (n = 147). In addition, we determined left ventricular mass index (LVMI) along with traditional risk factors.
Masked hypertensive individuals had higher sodium excretion (149 vs. 128 mmol/L/day) and LVMI (78.1 vs. 69.6 g/m) than normotensives. In single, partial and multiple regression analyses, LVMI independently associated with higher sodium excretion in the total group of young adults (β = 0.089; p = 0.011). This result was also evident among masked hypertensives (β = 0.215; p = 0.008), but not in normotensives (β = 0.054; p = 0.134).
Our results indicated that higher sodium excretion (reflecting a higher salt intake) may contribute to increased left ventricular mass, potentially driven by the early development of masked or undetected hypertension.
由于已知钠摄入量过多会导致血压升高，因此全世界各国都在出台减少盐摄入量的规定。为了研究钠摄入量对心血管疾病发展的影响，我们在无明显心血管疾病且患有隐匿性高血压的年轻成年人中，确定了左心室质量是否与钠排泄量有关。
我们对来自非洲预测研究的 681 名参与者（41%为男性，50%为黑人）进行了横断面分析，这些参与者完成了完整的 24 小时尿液收集和成功的动态血压监测（>70%有效读数）。参与者被分为血压正常（n=534）或隐匿性高血压（n=147）。此外，我们还确定了左心室质量指数（LVMI）以及传统的危险因素。
隐匿性高血压患者的钠排泄量（149 vs. 128 mmol/L/天）和 LVMI（78.1 vs. 69.6 g/m）高于血压正常者。在单因素、部分因素和多因素回归分析中，LVMI 与年轻成年人总体的钠排泄量独立相关（β=0.089；p=0.011）。这一结果在隐匿性高血压患者中也很明显（β=0.215；p=0.008），但在血压正常者中则不然（β=0.054；p=0.134）。
我们的结果表明，较高的钠排泄量（反映盐摄入量较高）可能导致左心室质量增加，这可能是隐匿性或未被发现的高血压早期发展的结果。
