Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Marinha do Brasil, Rua Kioto 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ 28930-000, Brazil.
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Marinha do Brasil, Rua Kioto 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ 28930-000, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Dec;137:702-710. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.018.
The objective of this study is to propose the use of specific synthetic lipid as an active substance (biocide) in the control of harmful aquatic microorganisms, such as pathogens and non-indigenous species, transported in ships' ballast water. The biocide candidate, without metal or halogen components, was produced from a sub-product of the edible oil industry, the lecithin. Laboratory assays were conducted with phytoplankton, zooplankton, and marine bacteria to evaluate the efficiency of the biocide. The study also considers specific biocide's characteristics related to environmental risks, such as chemical composition, persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Results showed that, in the first 24 h of treatment, the biocide effectively reduced the concentration of the planktonic micro-organisms to very low levels. Additionally, a preliminary risk evaluation pointed that biocide candidate has a low residual toxicity, also a low potential for persistence and bioaccumulation in the environment.
本研究旨在提出使用特定合成脂质作为活性物质（杀生剂）来控制船舶压载水中携带的有害水生微生物，如病原体和非本地物种。候选杀生剂不含金属或卤素成分，由食用油工业的副产品——卵磷脂制成。通过对浮游植物、浮游动物和海洋细菌进行实验室试验来评估杀生剂的效率。该研究还考虑了杀生剂与环境风险相关的特定特性，如化学成分、持久性、生物蓄积性和毒性。结果表明，在处理的前 24 小时内，杀生剂有效地将浮游微生物的浓度降低到非常低的水平。此外，初步风险评估指出，杀生剂候选物具有低残留毒性，在环境中也具有低持久性和生物蓄积潜力。
