Valley Fever Center for Excellence, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2019 Mar;66(2):807-812. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13088. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
An anonymous web-based survey of alpaca owners was used to learn more about the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of coccidioidomycosis in alpacas in the United States. Thirty-seven owners, with 1,117 alpacas, completed the survey. Over 4% of alpacas included in the study were diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis between 2005 and 2016 (5 post mortem, 46 clinically). Immunodiffusion titers ranged from 1:4 to ≥1:256 in sick animals. Alpacas residing in Arizona counties with a high incidence of human disease were 5.8 times more likely to contract coccidioidomycosis than animals residing in other areas of the state. Treatment was reported in 23 alpacas, and 78% of those animals died or were euthanized. Necropsy records from a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in Tucson, AZ were reviewed to estimate the severity of disease in this species. Nine cases identified for review died of disseminated coccidioidomycosis; the disease was extensive in most animals, with the lungs, lymph nodes, and liver the most frequently affected. Alpacas appear to be highly susceptible to severe illness as a result of infection by Coccidioides spp., frequently resulting in death. More research is needed to better understand the epidemiology, clinical signs, and treatment protocols for coccidioidomycosis in alpacas.
我们采用了一种匿名的网络调查方式，以了解更多有关美国驼羊中球虫病的临床症状、诊断和治疗的信息。共有 37 名驼羊主参与了此次调查，他们共饲养了 1117 只驼羊。在研究期间（2005 年至 2016 年），有超过 4%的驼羊被诊断患有球虫病（5 只经死后剖检确诊，46 只临床诊断）。免疫扩散滴度在患病动物中从 1:4 到≥1:256 不等。与生活在该州其他地区的驼羊相比，生活在亚利桑那州高人类疾病发病率县的驼羊感染球虫病的风险高 5.8 倍。有 23 只驼羊接受了治疗，其中 78%的动物死亡或被安乐死。对亚利桑那州图森市一家兽医诊断实验室的尸检记录进行了回顾，以评估该物种的疾病严重程度。在为此次回顾而确定的 9 个病例中，有 9 例死于播散性球虫病；大多数动物的疾病广泛，肺、淋巴结和肝脏最常受影响。由于感染球虫，驼羊似乎极易患上严重疾病，经常导致死亡。需要进一步研究以更好地了解驼羊球虫病的流行病学、临床症状和治疗方案。
