墨西哥湾受损平台附近溢油的遥感评估。
Remote sensing assessment of oil spills near a damaged platform in the Gulf of Mexico.
机构信息
College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
出版信息
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Nov;136:141-151. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.004. Epub 2018 Sep 14.
An oil platform in the Mississippi Canyon 20 (MC-20) site was damaged by Hurricane Ivan in September 2004. In this study, we use medium- to high-resolution (10-30 m) optical remote sensing imagery to systematically assess oil spills near this site for the period between 2004 and 2016. Image analysis detects no surface oil in 2004, but ~40% of the cloud-free images in 2005 show oil slicks, and this number increases to ~70% in 2006-2011, and >80% since 2012. For all cloud-free images from 2005 through 2016 (including those without oil slicks), delineated oil slicks show an average oil coverage of 14.9 km/image, with an estimated oil discharge rate of 48 to ~1700 barrels/day, and a cumulative oil-contaminated area of 1900 km around the MC-20 site. Additional analysis suggests that the detected oil slick distribution can be largely explained by surface currents, winds, and density fronts.
在 2004 年 9 月，飓风伊万（Ivan）损坏了密西西比峡谷 20 号（MC-20）油田的一个石油平台。在这项研究中，我们使用中高分辨率（10-30m）光学遥感图像，系统地评估了 2004 年至 2016 年间该地区附近的溢油情况。图像分析显示 2004 年没有发现海面浮油，但 2005 年约 40%的无云图像显示出油膜，这一数字在 2006 年至 2011 年增加到约 70%，自 2012 年以来超过 80%。对于 2005 年至 2016 年所有无云图像（包括无油膜的图像），划定的油膜显示平均油覆盖面积为 14.9km/图像，估计溢油率为 48 至 1700 桶/天，MC-20 油田周围受污染的油区面积达 1900km。进一步的分析表明，检测到的油膜分布可以主要用表面流、风和密度锋来解释。
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