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利用卫星数据监测俄罗斯诺里尔斯克的石油泄漏。

Monitoring oil spill in Norilsk, Russia using satellite data.

机构信息

Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.

Department of Climate Change, State Hydrological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 15;11(1):3817. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83260-7.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-83260-7
PMID:33589675
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7884439/
Abstract

This paper studies the oil spill, which occurred in the Norilsk and Taimyr region of Russia due to the collapse of the fuel tank at the power station on May 29, 2020. We monitored the snow, ice, water, vegetation and wetland of the region using data from the Multi-Spectral Instruments (MSI) of Sentinel-2 satellite. We analyzed the spectral band absorptions of Sentinel-2 data acquired before, during and after the incident, developed true and false-color composites (FCC), decorrelated spectral bands and used the indices, i.e. Snow Water Index (SWI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results of decorrelated spectral bands 3, 8, and 11 of Sentinel-2 well confirmed the results of SWI, NDWI, NDVI, and FCC images showing the intensive snow and ice melt between May 21 and 31, 2020. We used Sentinel-2 results, field photographs, analysis of the 1980-2020 daily air temperature and precipitation data, permafrost observations and modeling to explore the hypothesis that either the long-term dynamics of the frozen ground, changing climate and environmental factors, or abnormal weather conditions may have caused or contributed to the collapse of the oil tank.

摘要

本文研究了 2020 年 5 月 29 日俄罗斯诺里尔斯克和泰梅尔地区因电站燃油箱倒塌而发生的溢油事件。我们利用 Sentinel-2 卫星多光谱仪器（MSI）的数据，对该地区的雪、冰、水、植被和湿地进行了监测。我们分析了事件发生前后 Sentinel-2 数据的光谱带吸收，制作了真实和假彩色合成图（FCC）、去相关光谱带，并使用了雪水指数（SWI）、归一化差异水指数（NDWI）和归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）等指数。Sentinel-2 的去相关光谱带 3、8 和 11 的结果很好地证实了 SWI、NDWI、NDVI 和 FCC 图像的结果，表明 2020 年 5 月 21 日至 31 日期间积雪和冰的大量融化。我们利用 Sentinel-2 的结果、实地照片、1980 年至 2020 年每日气温和降水数据的分析、多年冻土观测和模型，探讨了以下假设：要么是多年冻土的长期动态变化、气候变化和环境因素的变化，要么是异常的天气条件可能导致或促成了油罐的倒塌。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/fe0c5a07398e/41598_2021_83260_Fig13_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/fe0c5a07398e/41598_2021_83260_Fig13_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/3d0533ef3c29/41598_2021_83260_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/176ce9724ee1/41598_2021_83260_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/f567bd364a2a/41598_2021_83260_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/ac113108f669/41598_2021_83260_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/43548cb67122/41598_2021_83260_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/77da70825998/41598_2021_83260_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/bea074dceaa6/41598_2021_83260_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/4effb62a505e/41598_2021_83260_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/780912a2d9ae/41598_2021_83260_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/469af1f3c12c/41598_2021_83260_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/140495ac543a/41598_2021_83260_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/e5fa98924c61/41598_2021_83260_Fig12_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70b9/7884439/fe0c5a07398e/41598_2021_83260_Fig13_HTML.jpg

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