Sohn C, Karl C, Swobodnik W
Abt. Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, RWTH Aachen.
Ultraschall Med. 1988 Aug;9(4):191-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1011625.
Comparative studies were conducted during the third trimenon of pregnancy between the 36th and 40th weeks of gestation and on the seventh day after delivery, at the venous system of the legs (vena iliaca, v. femoralis and v. poplitea) and at the venous system of the arms (v. brachialis). A marked reduction of the venous diameters was seen on the legs, whereas no difference was found in the venous system of the arms between both times of measurement. This points to the haemodynamic effect of the pregnant uterus, providing an obstacle to the flow of blood from the venous system of the legs. After delivery there is a relatively higher extensibility of the veins of the leg compared with the measurements in the third trimenon. This may be due on the one hand to the long-lasting overextension during pregnancy, and on the other hand also to the hormonal and enzymochemical changes that take place even during the puerperium. Doppler sonography of the v. femoralis showed clearly that the foetus obstructs blood flow from the venous system of the legs. Sonography seems to be able to visualise direct the changed morphology of the veins during pregnancy and to indirectly yield information on the extensibility of the venous system eg during standing, thus demonstrating in what way the venous system functions in a particular condition. Hence, sonography of the venous system of the legs during pregnancy should be used as a screening method wherever it is essential to discover extreme venous dilatations well in time and to initiate compression treatment.
在妊娠晚期（妊娠36至40周）以及分娩后第七天，对腿部静脉系统（髂静脉、股静脉和腘静脉）和手臂静脉系统（肱静脉）进行了对比研究。结果发现腿部静脉直径明显减小，而两次测量时手臂静脉系统未发现差异。这表明妊娠子宫的血流动力学效应阻碍了腿部静脉系统的血液流动。与妊娠晚期的测量结果相比，分娩后腿部静脉的伸展性相对较高。这一方面可能是由于孕期长期过度伸展，另一方面也可能是由于即使在产褥期也会发生的激素和酶化学变化。股静脉的多普勒超声检查清楚地显示胎儿阻碍了腿部静脉系统的血液流动。超声检查似乎能够直接观察到孕期静脉形态的变化，并间接获取有关静脉系统伸展性的信息，例如在站立时，从而证明静脉系统在特定情况下的功能方式。因此，在必须及时发现极度静脉扩张并开始压迫治疗的情况下，孕期腿部静脉系统的超声检查应作为一种筛查方法。
