Zuccoli Giulio, Fitz Charles, Greene Stephanie, Lindner Samuel A, Nardone Raffaele, Khan Abdullah S, Rajan Deepa, Cummings Dana D
Section of Neuroradiology.
Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2018 Dec;27(6):463-477. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000183.
Vascular injury is increasingly recognized as an important cause of mortality and morbidity in children (29 days to 18 years of age). Since vascular brain injury in children appears to be less common than in adults, the index of suspicion for vascular brain injury is usually lower. In this review article, we describe frequent and rare conditions underlying pediatric stroke including cardioembolic, viral, autoimmune, post-traumatic, and genetic etiologies. Furthermore, we provide a neuroimaging correlate for clinical mimics of pediatric stroke. This review highlights the role of multimodal noninvasive neuroimaging in the early diagnosis of pediatric stroke, providing a problem-solving approach to the differential diagnosis for the neuroradiologist, emergency room physician, and neurologist.
血管损伤日益被认为是儿童（29天至18岁）死亡和发病的重要原因。由于儿童血管性脑损伤似乎比成人少见，因此对血管性脑损伤的怀疑指数通常较低。在这篇综述文章中，我们描述了小儿卒中常见和罕见的潜在病因，包括心源性栓塞、病毒、自身免疫、创伤后和遗传病因。此外，我们为小儿卒中的临床模拟提供了神经影像学关联。这篇综述强调了多模态无创神经影像学在小儿卒中早期诊断中的作用，为神经放射科医生、急诊室医生和神经科医生提供了一种解决鉴别诊断问题的方法。
