阿苏蒂菲南区临床诊断为高血压的加纳人肾功能障碍：在Hwidiem圣伊丽莎白医院开展的一项横断面描述性研究
Renal Dysfunction among Ghanaians Living with Clinically Diagnosed Hypertension in the Asutifi-South District: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study at the St. Elizabeth Hospital, Hwidiem.
作者信息
Lokpo Sylvester Yao, Osei-Yeboah James, Owiredu William K B A, Ussher Francis Abeku, Orish Verner Ndudiri, Gadzeto Felix, Ntiamoah Paul, Botchway Felix, Muanah Ivan, Asumbasiya Aduko Romeo
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
出版信息
Int J Hypertens. 2018 Nov 5;2018:8428063. doi: 10.1155/2018/8428063. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed at evaluating the burden of renal dysfunction among people living with hypertension in the Asutifi-South District of the Brong Ahafo Region, who were attending clinic at the St. Elizabeth Hospital in Hwidiem.
METHODOLOGY
A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among two hundred (200) hypertensive clients aged between 27 and 88 years who reported for clinical management from January to March, 2018. Data on sociodemography, comorbid disease status, antihypertensive medication, and their duration was obtained using a semistructured questionnaire and patient folders. Blood pressure, weight, and creatinine were measured using standard methods. Kidney function was assessed using Cockcroft Gault (CG), Four-Variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (4v-MDRD) and the Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations. The 2012 Kidney Disease Improvement Global Outcome (KDIGO) Criteria were used to categorize renal function among study participants.
RESULTS
Renal impairment was observed among 25.00%, 9.50%, and 10.50% of study participants using CG, 4v-MDRD, and CKD-EPI equations, respectively. With the exception of CKD-EPI equation, females significantly recorded higher scores compared to their male counterparts (28.95% vs 12.5%, 11.84%, vs 2.08%) using CG and 4v-MDRD, respectively. Participants aged 50 years or more recorded the highest renal impairment.
CONCLUSION
Renal dysfunction is common among people living with hypertension in the Asutifi-South District of the Brong Ahafo Region. Femininity, older age, disease comorbidity with diabetes, Thiazide diuretic and AR Blocker usage, and increasing duration of medication accounted for higher kidney dysfunction. Regular screening and management are therefore recommended to avert progression to end-stage renal failure (ESRD).
背景
本研究旨在评估布朗阿哈福地区阿苏蒂菲南区高血压患者的肾功能不全负担，这些患者在Hwidiem的圣伊丽莎白医院就诊。
方法
对200名年龄在27至88岁之间的高血压患者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究，这些患者于2018年1月至3月前来接受临床治疗。使用半结构化问卷和患者病历获取社会人口统计学、合并疾病状况、抗高血压药物及其使用时长的数据。采用标准方法测量血压、体重和肌酐。使用考克饶夫-高尔特（CG）公式、肾病饮食改良四变量（4v-MDRD）公式和慢性肾脏病流行病学协作组（CKD-EPI）公式评估肾功能。采用2012年改善全球肾脏病预后（KDIGO）标准对研究参与者的肾功能进行分类。
结果
分别使用CG公式、4v-MDRD公式和CKD-EPI公式时，研究参与者中肾功能损害的比例分别为25.00%、9.50%和10.50%。除CKD-EPI公式外，使用CG公式和4v-MDRD公式时，女性的得分显著高于男性（分别为28.95%对12.5%，11.84%对2.08%）。50岁及以上的参与者肾功能损害程度最高。
结论
布朗阿哈福地区阿苏蒂菲南区的高血压患者中肾功能不全很常见。女性、年龄较大、合并糖尿病、使用噻嗪类利尿剂和AR阻滞剂以及用药时长增加是导致肾功能不全程度较高的原因。因此，建议定期进行筛查和管理，以避免进展为终末期肾衰竭（ESRD）。
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