ENT Department, Policlinico S.M. alle Scotte, Siena, Italy.
Legal Medicine Department, Policlinico S.M. alle Scotte, Siena, Italy.
Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2020 Jul;45(2):57-65. doi: 10.1080/14015439.2018.1545865. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the vocal warm-up and cool-down on the singing voice through Fundamental Frequency (F0), Jitter, Shimmer and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR). Thirty-two female singing students were recorded four times while uttering the vowel [a] for at least 5''. The first two recordings were collected before and after a vocal warm-up session and the last two before and after a vocal cool-down session. Between those sessions the participants underwent an intense vocal activity. Results showed significant variations in the average values of the parameters measured. The mean value of the F0 after intense vocal activity turned to be higher than the one measured before the warm-up session, as well as the mean F0 measured after singing compared to the one measured after the vocal warm-up. On the other end, the mean F0 after the vocal cool-down resulted to be lower than that measured before. After the vocal warm-up session Jitter and Shimmer decreased while HNR increased. In addition, a decrease was detected in comparison with the average value of Jitter and Shimmer before vocal warm-up and after vocal cool-down, whereas HNR increased. There was also a decrease between the Shimmer before the vocal warm-up and after an intense phonatory activity while HNR increased. Our study highlights the effect of the vocal warm-up on acoustic parameters. The reduction in F0 observed after the cool-down session confirms its positive effect in helping professional vocal recovery and reducing vocal fold tension.
本研究旨在通过基频（F0）、抖动、晃动和谐噪比（HNR）来评估声乐热身和冷却对歌唱声音的影响。32 名女性歌唱学生至少连续 5 秒发出[a]元音，共录制了 4 次。前两次录音分别在声乐热身前后采集，后两次分别在声乐冷却前后采集。在这些阶段之间，参与者进行了高强度的声乐活动。结果显示，所测量参数的平均值存在显著差异。剧烈声乐活动后的 F0 平均值高于热身前的平均值，以及唱歌后的 F0 平均值高于声乐热身后的平均值。另一方面，声乐冷却后的 F0 平均值低于热身前的平均值。在声乐热身之后，抖动和晃动减少，而 HNR 增加。此外，与声乐热身前和声乐冷却后的抖动和晃动平均值相比，Jitter 和 Shimmer 的平均值也有所下降，而 HNR 则有所增加。与声乐热身前的晃动相比，声乐热身和剧烈发声活动后的晃动也有所下降，而 HNR 则有所增加。本研究强调了声乐热身对声学参数的影响。冷却阶段后观察到的 F0 降低证实了其在帮助专业声乐恢复和减少声带张力方面的积极作用。
