Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; Control and Dynamical Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Neuron. 2019 Jan 2;101(1):165-177.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.016. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
Humans can self-monitor errors without explicit feedback, resulting in behavioral adjustments on subsequent trials such as post-error slowing (PES). The error-related negativity (ERN) is a well-established macroscopic scalp EEG correlate of error self-monitoring, but its neural origins and relationship to PES remain unknown. We recorded in the frontal cortex of patients performing a Stroop task and found neurons that track self-monitored errors and error history in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA). Both the intracranial ERN (iERN) and error neuron responses appeared first in pre-SMA, and ∼50 ms later in dACC. Error neuron responses were correlated with iERN amplitude on individual trials. In dACC, such error neuron-iERN synchrony and responses of error-history neurons predicted the magnitude of PES. These data reveal a human single-neuron correlate of the ERN and suggest that dACC synthesizes error information to recruit behavioral control through coordinated neural activity.
人类可以在没有明确反馈的情况下进行自我监控错误，从而在随后的试验中进行行为调整，例如错误后减速（PES）。错误相关负波（ERN）是错误自我监控的一种成熟的宏观头皮 EEG 相关物，但它的神经起源和与 PES 的关系尚不清楚。我们在执行 Stroop 任务的患者的额皮质中进行了记录，发现了在背侧前扣带皮层（dACC）和补充运动前区（pre-SMA）中追踪自我监控错误和错误历史的神经元。颅内 ERN（iERN）和错误神经元反应都首先出现在 pre-SMA 中，而在 dACC 中则延迟了约 50 毫秒。在个体试验中，错误神经元反应与 iERN 幅度相关。在 dACC 中，这种错误神经元-iERN 同步和错误历史神经元的反应预测了 PES 的幅度。这些数据揭示了人类 ERN 的单个神经元相关物，并表明 dACC 通过协调的神经活动合成错误信息以招募行为控制。
