Chauhan Prashant, Sarkar Arup, Saha Bhaskar
National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India.
Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Exp Suppl. 2018;109:115-196. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74932-7_3.
The immune system, like all other systems, responds to perturbations of the baseline, homeostatic functioning of immune cells. These perturbations come in the form of infection, tumors, autoantigens, and can occur after mismatched transplantation. During response, immune cells alter their metabolic activities. However, the subsets of the same cell type differ to distinctively associate specific immune function to a particular metabolic profile. The response is mounted as a joint function of metabolic receptor and immune receptor signaling that target various metabolic pathways: glycolysis the pentose phosphate pathway; oxidative phosphorylation; beta-oxidation of fatty acids and transamination. The products from these cycles are integrated in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, many more pathways lead to many secondary metabolites that are not directly related to energy derivation or maintaining structure of the cells. These secondary metabolites can again work in an autocrine manner to re-tune the immune cells to optimize their restorative effector functions.
免疫系统与所有其他系统一样，会对免疫细胞基线稳态功能的扰动做出反应。这些扰动表现为感染、肿瘤、自身抗原等形式，并且可能在不匹配的移植后发生。在反应过程中，免疫细胞会改变其代谢活动。然而，同一细胞类型的亚群有所不同，它们将特定的免疫功能与特定的代谢特征独特地联系起来。这种反应是作为代谢受体和免疫受体信号传导的联合功能而产生的，这些信号传导针对各种代谢途径：糖酵解、磷酸戊糖途径、氧化磷酸化、脂肪酸的β氧化和转氨基作用。这些循环的产物在三羧酸循环中整合。然而，还有更多途径会产生许多与能量产生或维持细胞结构无直接关系的次生代谢产物。这些次生代谢产物又可以以自分泌的方式发挥作用，重新调节免疫细胞，以优化其恢复性效应功能。
