Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Jul;234(7):9927-9942. doi: 10.1002/jcp.27948. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered the most prevalent malignancy and the second major cause of cancer-related death in males from Western countries. PCa exhibits variable clinical pictures, ranging from dormant to highly metastatic cancer. PCa suffers from poor prognosis and diagnosis markers, and novel biomarkers are required to define disease stages and to design appropriate therapeutic approach by considering the possible genomic and epigenomic differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a class of small noncoding RNAs, which have remarkable functions in cell formation, differentiation, and cancer development and contribute in these processes through controlling the expressions of protein-coding genes by repressing translation or breaking down the messenger RNA in a sequence-specific method. miRNAs in cancer are able to reflect informative data about the current status of disease and this might benefit PCa prognosis and diagnosis since that is concerned to PCa patients and we intend to highlight it in this paper.
前列腺癌（PCa）被认为是西方国家男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤和第二大癌症相关死亡原因。PCa 表现出不同的临床表现，从潜伏性到高度转移性癌症不等。PCa 预后和诊断标志物较差，需要新的生物标志物来定义疾病阶段，并通过考虑可能的基因组和表观基因组差异来设计适当的治疗方法。微小 RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码 RNA，在细胞形成、分化和癌症发展中具有重要功能，通过抑制翻译或通过序列特异性方法破坏信使 RNA 来控制蛋白质编码基因的表达，从而在这些过程中发挥作用。癌症中的 miRNA 能够反映关于疾病现状的信息，这可能对 PCa 的预后和诊断有益，因为这与 PCa 患者有关，我们打算在本文中强调这一点。
