Heidelberg Trauma Research Group (HTRG), Center for Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2019 Feb;13(2):179-190. doi: 10.1002/term.2780. Epub 2019 Jan 4.
Recent studies have demonstrated that surface characteristics, porosity, and mechanical strength of three-dimensional 45S5-type bioactive glass (BG)-based scaffolds are directly correlated with osteogenic properties. Three-dimensional BG-based scaffolds obtained from maritime natural sponges (MNSs) as sacrificial templates exhibit the required morphological properties; however, no in vivo data about the osteogenic features are available. In this study, uncoated (Group A) and gelatin-coated (Group B) crystalline MNS-obtained BG-based scaffolds were evaluated mechanically and seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells prior to subcutaneous implantation in immunodeficient mice. Before implantation and after explantation, micro-computed tomography scans were conducted, and scaffolds were finally subjected to histomorphometry. Scaffolds of both groups showed bone formation. However, Group B scaffolds performed distinctly better as indicated by a significant increase in scaffold volume (8.95%, p = 0.039) over the implantation period compared with a nonsignificant increase of 5.26% in Group A scaffolds in micro-computed tomography analysis. Furthermore, percentage bone area was 10.33% (±1.18%) in the Group B scaffolds, which was significantly (p = 0.007) higher compared with the 8.53% (±0.77%) in the Group A scaffolds in histomorphometry. Compressive strength was enhanced significantly by gelatin coating (9 ± 2 vs. 4 ± 1 MPa; p = 0.029). The presence of gelatin on the remnant parts was verified by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy, demonstrating the coatings' resilience. MNS-obtained BG-based scaffolds were thus confirmed to exhibit osteogenic properties in vivo that can significantly be enhanced by gelatin coating.
最近的研究表明，三维 45S5 型生物活性玻璃（BG）基支架的表面特性、孔隙率和机械强度与成骨性能直接相关。以海洋天然海绵（MNS）为牺牲模板获得的三维 BG 基支架具有所需的形态特性；然而，目前尚无关于其成骨特征的体内数据。在这项研究中，对未涂层（A 组）和明胶涂层（B 组）结晶 MNS 获得的 BG 基支架进行了机械评估，并在免疫缺陷小鼠皮下植入前接种了人骨髓间充质干细胞。在植入前和取出后进行了微计算机断层扫描，并对支架进行了组织形态计量学分析。两组支架均有骨形成。然而，B 组支架的表现明显更好，微计算机断层扫描分析显示，与 A 组支架在植入期间仅增加 5.26%相比，B 组支架的支架体积增加了 8.95%（p=0.039）。此外，B 组支架的骨面积百分比为 10.33%（±1.18%），明显高于 A 组支架的 8.53%（±0.77%）（p=0.007）。明胶涂层使压缩强度显著增强（9±2 对 4±1 MPa；p=0.029）。扫描电子显微镜和 X 射线能谱证实了明胶残留在剩余部分的存在，证明了涂层的弹性。因此，MNS 获得的 BG 基支架被证实具有体内成骨性能，明胶涂层可显著增强其性能。
