Dobos Bianka, Pikó Bettina
Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem Bolcseszettudomanyi Kar, Nevelestudomanyi Doktori Iskola, Szeged, Hungary, E-mail:
Psychiatr Hung. 2018;33(4):347-358.
Anxiety related studies often investigate the personality factors and possible comorbid anxiety disorders that may underly trait anxiety. Women have higher prevalence rates across anxiety disorders, so we chose to examine the trait anxiety, perfectionism, self-efficacy and life satisfaction in a group of female participants.
An online, self-reported questionnaire was used as an online method of data collection. The sample consisted of young women aged between 15-35 (N = 435, M = 27.3 years; SD = 5.9). Besides from measuring trait anxiety, questionnaires regarding participants' social phobia, perfectionism, self-efficacy and life satisfaction have been used. We used correlational analysis to show the bivariate connection between trait anxiety and other variables, furthermore its relationship with the subscales of perfectionism. Mean values of the scales were compared with Student t-test in different groups by the levels of social phobia. Finally, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the role of social phobia, perfectionism, self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the background of trait anxiety.
Trait anxiety correlated significantly with perfectionism (r = 0.43, p < 0.01) and social phobia (r = 0.40, p < 0.01). Higher trait anxiety was found in the social phobia group (t = -12.97, p < 0.001). Participants with social phobia had less self-efficacy (t = 9.36, p < 0.001) and were less likely to be satisfied with their lives (t = 5,71, p < 0,001). Results of regression show that social phobia (β = 0.25, p < 0.001) and perfectionism (β = 0.27, p < 0.001) contributed to higher trait anxiety, while satisfaction with life (β = -0.39, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = -0.30, p < 0.001) resulted in having less trait anxiety. All together the variables explained 71% of the variance.
Perfectionism and social phobia play a substantial role in the background of trait anxiety. On the other hand, higher perceived self-efficacy and satisfaction with life come together with less anxiety.
与焦虑相关的研究通常会探究可能构成特质焦虑基础的人格因素以及可能并存的焦虑症。女性在各类焦虑症中的患病率更高，所以我们选择对一组女性参与者的特质焦虑、完美主义、自我效能感和生活满意度进行研究。
采用在线自填问卷作为数据收集的在线方式。样本由年龄在15至35岁之间的年轻女性组成（N = 435，M = 27.3岁；SD = 5.9）。除了测量特质焦虑外，还使用了关于参与者社交恐惧症、完美主义、自我效能感和生活满意度的问卷。我们使用相关分析来展示特质焦虑与其他变量之间的双变量联系，此外还分析了其与完美主义各子量表的关系。通过社交恐惧症水平，用学生t检验比较不同组中各量表的均值。最后，进行多元线性回归分析，以探究社交恐惧症、完美主义、自我效能感和生活满意度在特质焦虑背景下所起的作用。
特质焦虑与完美主义（r = 0.43，p < 0.01）和社交恐惧症（r = 0.40，p < 0.01）显著相关。社交恐惧症组的特质焦虑水平更高（t = -12.9起，p < 0.001）。有社交恐惧症的参与者自我效能感较低（t = 9.36，p < 0.001），对生活的满意度也较低（t = 5.71，p < 0.001）。回归结果显示，社交恐惧症（β = 0.25，p < 0.001）和完美主义（β = 0.27，p < 0.001）会导致更高的特质焦虑，而生活满意度（β = -0.39，p < 0.001）和自我效能感（β = -0.30，p < 0.001）则会使特质焦虑降低。这些变量共同解释了71%的方差。
完美主义和社交恐惧症在特质焦虑背景中起着重要作用。另一方面，较高的自我效能感和生活满意度与较低的焦虑水平相关。
