Rodríguez-Rey Rocío, García-Llana Helena, Ruiz-Álvarez María Paz, Gómez-Gómez Alicia, Del Peso Gloria, Selgas Rafael
Rocío Rodríguez-Rey, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain. Helena García-Llana, PhD, is Psychology Associate Researcher, Department of Nephrology, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain. María Paz Ruiz-Álvarez, MP, is Registered Nurse, Department of Nephrology, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain. Alicia Gómez-Gómez, MP, is Registered Nurse, Department of Nephrology, Henares Hospital, Madrid, Spain. Gloria del Peso, PhD, is Nephrology Consultant, Department of Nephrology, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Madrid Spain. Rafael Selgas, PhD, is Department Head, Department of Nephrology, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
Nurs Res. 2019 Jan/Feb;68(1):39-47. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000321.
The Emotional State Instrument for Dialysis Patients (ES-D) is a brief semistructured questionnaire to assess emotional distress in patients undergoing dialysis. It was designed to be administered by a healthcare provider. A previous study showed preliminary indicators of its content and face validity.
The aim of the current multicenter study was to explore the ES-D's psychometric properties.
A total of 605 patients with kidney disease undergoing dialysis (524 hemodialysis and 81 peritoneal dialysis) in 19 Spanish dialysis centers completed the ES-D, along with anxiety, depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) questionnaires. The 75 healthcare providers who performed the assessments completed a satisfaction survey.
The ES-D showed adequate internal consistency (α = .73). Correlations between the ES-D scores and the scores for anxiety, depression, and resilience showed evidence of its convergent and concurrent validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that a cutoff of nine detected patients with moderate-to-severe emotional distress. According to these criteria, 35.4% of patients showed emotional distress. No significant differences were found between patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The healthcare providers perceived the ES-D as useful for knowing the patients' emotional state, understanding patients' concerns, and establishing therapeutic relationships.
The ES-D is a useful tool for healthcare providers to explore the emotional dimension of their patients. Thus, its development represents a step forward in the improvement of comprehensive assistance and the quality of life of patients with kidney disease undergoing dialysis.
透析患者情绪状态量表（ES-D）是一份简短的半结构化问卷，用于评估透析患者的情绪困扰。它设计为由医疗保健提供者进行施测。先前的一项研究显示了其内容效度和表面效度的初步指标。
本多中心研究的目的是探讨ES-D的心理测量特性。
西班牙19个透析中心的605例接受透析的肾病患者（524例血液透析和81例腹膜透析）完成了ES-D问卷，同时还完成了焦虑、抑郁（医院焦虑抑郁量表）和心理弹性（简易心理弹性量表）问卷。进行评估的75名医疗保健提供者完成了一项满意度调查。
ES-D显示出足够的内部一致性（α = 0.73）。ES-D得分与焦虑、抑郁和心理弹性得分之间的相关性显示了其收敛效度和同时效度的证据。受试者工作特征曲线分析表明，临界值为9分时可检测出中度至重度情绪困扰的患者。根据这些标准，35.4%的患者表现出情绪困扰。血液透析患者和腹膜透析患者之间未发现显著差异。医疗保健提供者认为ES-D有助于了解患者的情绪状态、理解患者的担忧并建立治疗关系。
ES-D是医疗保健提供者探索患者情绪维度的有用工具。因此，它的开发代表了在改善肾病透析患者的综合护理和生活质量方面向前迈出的一步。
