Kelly Debra Lynch, Yang Gee Su, Starkweather Angela R, Siangphoe Uma, Alexander-Delpech Paula, Lyon Debra E
Author Affiliations: Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville (Drs Lynch Kelly, Alexander-Delpech, Lyon, Siangphoe, and Yang); School of Nursing (Dr. Starkweather), University of Connecticut, Storrs.
Cancer Nurs. 2020 Mar/Apr;43(2):134-146. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000676.
With a nearly 89% 5-year survival rate for women with early-stage breast cancer, symptoms are a priority. Healthy lifestyle behaviors may be temporally associated with symptoms; however, evidence is lacking.
This research examined temporal relationships among healthy lifestyle behaviors and symptoms in women diagnosed with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy.
This research was part of a study (R01NR012667) approved by the institutional review board. Women (n = 76) providing written informed consent participated in this longitudinal study examining health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and symptoms (fatigue, anxiety, depression, and pain). Participants completed well-validated self-report questionnaires primarily at a clinic visit. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, linear mixed-effects models, and pairwise comparisons using SAS 9.4; α was set at .05.
Lowest healthy lifestyle behavior scores for physical activity and highest scores for spiritual growth were reported. Significant changes in physical activity and stress management were noted. Fatigued patients had lower physical activity and nutrition scores than did patients without fatigue. Patients with anxiety had lower spiritual growth and interpersonal relation scores than did patients without anxiety. Relationships demonstrated temporal differences.
Breast cancer survivors did not routinely engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors. Significant temporal changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors and symptoms and significant associations among healthy lifestyle behaviors, symptoms, and demographic and clinical factors were noted in this study.
Knowing the temporal relationships among these variables provides insight that could be useful for nurses so they can encourage healthy lifestyle behaviors to mitigate symptoms throughout the cancer trajectory.
早期乳腺癌女性的5年生存率近89%，症状是首要关注点。健康的生活方式行为可能与症状存在时间上的关联；然而，相关证据不足。
本研究探讨了接受化疗的乳腺癌女性患者健康生活方式行为与症状之间的时间关系。
本研究是一项经机构审查委员会批准的研究（R01NR012667）的一部分。76名提供书面知情同意书的女性参与了这项纵向研究，该研究考察促进健康的生活方式行为和症状（疲劳、焦虑、抑郁和疼痛）。参与者主要在门诊就诊时完成经过充分验证的自我报告问卷。统计方法包括描述性统计、线性混合效应模型以及使用SAS 9.4进行的成对比较；α设定为0.05。
报告显示身体活动方面的健康生活方式行为得分最低，精神成长方面的得分最高。身体活动和压力管理方面出现了显著变化。疲劳患者的身体活动和营养得分低于无疲劳患者。焦虑患者的精神成长和人际关系得分低于无焦虑患者。这些关系呈现出时间差异。
乳腺癌幸存者并非常规地践行健康的生活方式行为。本研究发现健康生活方式行为和症状存在显著的时间变化，且健康生活方式行为、症状与人口统计学和临床因素之间存在显著关联。
了解这些变量之间的时间关系可为护士提供有用的见解，以便他们能够鼓励健康的生活方式行为，在癌症治疗全程减轻症状。
