Laisné Marthe, Gupta Nikhil, Kirsh Olivier, Pradhan Sriharsa, Defossez Pierre-Antoine
Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR7216 CNRS, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France.
New England Biolabs, 240 County Rd, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA.
Genes (Basel). 2018 Dec 10;9(12):617. doi: 10.3390/genes9120617.
DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mark in mammals. The proper distribution of this mark depends on accurate deposition and maintenance mechanisms, and underpins its functional role. This, in turn, depends on the precise recruitment and activation of de novo and maintenance DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). In this review, we discuss mechanisms of recruitment of DNMTs by transcription factors and chromatin modifiers-and by RNA-and place these mechanisms in the context of biologically meaningful epigenetic events. We present hypotheses and speculations for future research, and underline the fundamental and practical benefits of better understanding the mechanisms that govern the recruitment of DNMTs.
DNA甲基化是哺乳动物中一种重要的表观遗传标记。这种标记的正确分布取决于精确的沉积和维持机制，并支撑着其功能作用。反过来，这又依赖于从头合成和维持DNA甲基转移酶（DNMTs）的精确募集和激活。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了转录因子、染色质修饰因子以及RNA对DNMTs的募集机制，并将这些机制置于具有生物学意义的表观遗传事件背景中。我们提出了未来研究的假设和推测，并强调了更好地理解调控DNMTs募集机制的基本和实际益处。
