Chadee Samantha, Stoute Valerie
Centre for Environmental Studies and Applied Life Sciences, The University of Trinidad and Tobago, Arima, Trinidad and Tobago.
Environ Health Insights. 2018 Nov 29;12:1178630218811342. doi: 10.1177/1178630218811342. eCollection 2018.
The built environment encompasses the physical components of the environment, inclusive of infrastructure, households, buildings, streets, and open spaces, within which individuals reside and carry out their daily activities. It affects both indirectly and directly on the outdoor and indoor physical environment as well as the socio-economic environment. The elements which comprise the built environment and those of the physical and socio-economic environments, which are affected by it, are recognised as key determinants of health. In this study, health dynamics in the built environment are explored along the urban-rural gradient in Trinidad and Tobago. The gradient is measured by a statistically validated Urban Intensity Index developed previously, using physical data from the built environment. Published physical health data from National Surveys as well as data collected on perceptions of health care access and environmental quality are utilised in conjunction with the Urban Intensity Index values to model chronic illness. Multivariate statistical analysis and maps are used to explore and illustrate these dynamics. Ultimately, the outputs of this study can potentially support efforts to diminish the gap between rhetoric and reality, through provision of critical information for policy and decision making, as the global development agenda moves towards evidence-based policy making.
建成环境包括环境的物理组成部分，包括基础设施、家庭、建筑物、街道和开放空间，个人在其中居住并开展日常活动。它对室外和室内物理环境以及社会经济环境都有直接和间接的影响。构成建成环境的要素以及受其影响的物理和社会经济环境要素被认为是健康的关键决定因素。在本研究中，沿着特立尼达和多巴哥的城乡梯度探索建成环境中的健康动态。该梯度通过先前开发的经过统计验证的城市强度指数来衡量，该指数使用来自建成环境的物理数据。来自国家调查的已发表的身体健康数据以及收集的关于医疗保健可及性和环境质量认知的数据与城市强度指数值一起用于建立慢性病模型。使用多变量统计分析和地图来探索和说明这些动态。最终，随着全球发展议程朝着循证决策迈进，本研究的结果有可能通过提供关键信息以支持政策和决策，从而缩小言辞与现实之间的差距。
