Masayuki Saijo
Nihon Rinsho. 2016 Dec;74(12):2003-2007.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), caused by infection with CCHF virus (CCHFV), is viral hemorrhagic fever with high case fatality rate. CCHFV is classified to Family Bunyaviridae, Genus Nairovirus. CCHF is endemic to Africa, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, central Asia, and southern Asia. CCHFV is maintained in nature in several spe- cies of ticks (Hyalomma and Ixodes species) and mammals. Humans are infected with CCHFV by tick-bite or direct contact with viremic animals such as sheep. The CCHF-endemic re- gions are relatively economically disadvantaged areas, therefore CCHF is considered to be one of the neglected infectious diseases. The pathophysiology has not yet been clarified fully. It is necessary to clarify the pathophysiology of CCHF and to develop specific antiviral drug- based therapy and vaccines, which might be effective in confering protection against CCHFV infections in the near future, because CCHF outbreaks continue to occur in the endemic re- gions.
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）由克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）感染引起，是一种病死率很高的病毒性出血热。CCHFV属于布尼亚病毒科内罗病毒属。CCHF在非洲、东欧、中东、中亚和南亚呈地方性流行。CCHFV在自然界中通过几种蜱虫（璃眼蜱属和硬蜱属）和哺乳动物得以维持传播。人类通过蜱虫叮咬或直接接触感染病毒血症的动物（如绵羊）而感染CCHFV。CCHF的流行地区经济相对落后，因此CCHF被视为被忽视的传染病之一。其病理生理学尚未完全阐明。鉴于CCHF在流行地区持续爆发，有必要阐明CCHF的病理生理学，并开发基于特定抗病毒药物的治疗方法和疫苗，这可能在不久的将来有效预防CCHFV感染。
