Tansy M F, Kendall F M
Temple University Health Sciences Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
Toxicol Pathol. 1988;16(2):118-22. doi: 10.1177/019262338801600203.
This is a survey of the results of recent investigations on gastrointestinal (GI) peptide hormones. In addition to the classical GI hormones (secretin, gastrin, and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ], there are at least nine other peptides whose structures and GI effects are known. These include vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), motilin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), substance P, neurotensin, somatostatin, enkephalins, and a bombesin-like gastrin-releasing peptide. It is now obvious that the traditional distinctions between hormones, neurotransmitters, and paracrines are rapidly becoming obsolete, as the actions and interactions of these substances within the complex motor system of the GI tract are gradually revealed. The study of perturbed states and toxic effects on the motor function of the small intestine is complicated by the integration of the activity of the small intestine with the activities of the body as a whole. A contemporary approach for evaluating intestinal contractile activity is described that uses computer assistance to measure the intercontractile interval (ICI). This technique may prove useful in assessing the effects of toxicological agents on spontaneous intestinal motor activity in vitro when the agents are delivered to the target sites by physiological mechanisms, in contrast to adding them to the tissue bath.
这是一篇关于胃肠道（GI）肽类激素近期研究结果的综述。除了经典的胃肠道激素（促胰液素、胃泌素和胆囊收缩素 - 促胰酶素（CCK - PZ））外，至少还有其他九种肽类，其结构和对胃肠道的作用已为人所知。这些包括血管活性肠肽（VIP）、胃抑制多肽（GIP）、胃动素、胰多肽（PP）、P物质、神经降压素、生长抑素、脑啡肽和一种类似蛙皮素的胃泌素释放肽。现在很明显，随着这些物质在胃肠道复杂运动系统中的作用和相互作用逐渐被揭示，激素、神经递质和旁分泌物质之间的传统区分正在迅速过时。由于小肠活动与整个身体活动的整合，对小肠运动功能的扰动状态和毒性作用的研究变得复杂。本文描述了一种当代评估肠道收缩活动的方法，该方法使用计算机辅助测量收缩间期（ICI）。与将毒理学试剂添加到组织浴中相比，当通过生理机制将试剂递送至靶位点时，该技术可能被证明在评估毒理学试剂对体外自发性肠道运动活动的影响方面是有用的。
