a Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , Tezpur University , Tezpur , India.
b Deptartment of Rabies and Vaccine Quality Control , Medical Research Institute , Colombo , Sri Lanka.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2019 Feb;16(2):171-184. doi: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1559735. Epub 2018 Dec 24.
: Snakebite is a severe problem in the tropical countries including Indian subcontinent. Premier cases of cobra bites are being reported from western India (WI). : The proteome of WI venom (NnV) was deciphered by high resolution mass spectrometry analysis of venom, further fractionated by gel filtration (GF) or RP-HPLC followed by SDS-PAGE and then tandem mass spectrometric analysis of protein bands. The efficacy of commercial polyantivenom (PAV) towards WINnV was assessed by ELISA, immuno-blot, neutralization, and venom-PAV immunoaffinity chromatography studies. : Proteomic analysis of WINnV, GF fractions, and SDS-PAGE protein bands of RP-HPLC and GF peaks identified 14, 34, 40, and 54, distinct proteins, respectively, when searched against Elapidae database. The biochemical properties of WINnV correlated well with its proteome composition and pathophysiology of cobra envenomation, including neuroparalysis. This study also highlighted the differences in proteome composition between WINnV and previously reported Eastern India NnV. The tested antivenoms exhibited poor immuno-recognition and neutralization of low molecular mass proteins (<20 kDa), such as three-finger toxins, the major class of protein in WINnV. : Improvements in production protocols of antivenoms is the necessity of the hour, supplemented with antibodies raised against the poorly recognized toxins.
: 在包括印度次大陆在内的热带国家，蛇咬伤是一个严重的问题。来自印度西部（WI）的西部印度眼镜蛇咬伤的主要病例正在被报道。: 通过对毒液进行高分辨率质谱分析，对 WI 毒液（NnV）的蛋白质组进行了破译，然后通过凝胶过滤（GF）或反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）进一步分离，然后对蛋白质条带进行串联质谱分析。通过 ELISA、免疫印迹、中和和毒液-PAV 免疫亲和层析研究评估了商业多价抗蛇毒血清（PAV）对 WINnV 的疗效。: WINnV、GF 级分和 RP-HPLC 的 SDS-PAGE 蛋白带的蛋白质组分析以及 GF 峰分别鉴定出 14、34、40 和 54 个独特的蛋白质，当与 Elapidae 数据库进行搜索时。WINnV 的生化特性与其蛋白质组组成和眼镜蛇毒液中毒的病理生理学，包括神经瘫痪，非常吻合。这项研究还强调了 WINnV 和以前报道的印度东部 NnV 在蛋白质组组成上的差异。测试的抗蛇毒血清对低分子量蛋白（<20 kDa），如三指毒素，表现出较差的免疫识别和中和作用，三指毒素是 WINnV 中的主要蛋白类。: 改进抗蛇毒血清的生产方案是当务之急，同时补充针对识别不良毒素的抗体。
