Steinberg Holger
Archiv für Leipziger Psychiatriegeschichte, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2019 May;90(5):535-546. doi: 10.1007/s00115-018-0651-9.
This article provides an analysis of the content of 15 letters and postcards written by the Leipzig neurologist Paul Julius Möbius to his Zurich-based colleague Auguste-Henri Forel between 1889 and 1902. Moreover, they are set in the context of the works of the two correspondence partners. The 15 documents preserved at the University of Zurich Medico-Historical Institute and Museum comprise one half of the correspondence, whereas the letters Forel sent in response do not seem to have been preserved. So far, biographic research has neglected the letters analyzed here. Hypnotism and medical suggestion as well as their effects and efficiency in treating and maybe healing certain nervous and mental disorders, primarily psychoneuroses but also certain somatic disorders, formed the bond that connected Möbius and Forel. The exchange was less concerned with discussing details or concepts of hypnosis. Möbius seemed to be more interested in studying the practical application with Forel. Moreover, Möbius and Forel shared the view that contemporary, largely brain-biologically oriented conventional psychiatry had largely neglected or at least underestimated the psychological component of both nervous and mental disorders. Both shared the notion that electrotherapy, widely used at the time, had a strong suggestive component. The letters revealed that both correspondents requested reviews or discussion of their own papers from each other. Forel invited Möbius to consider writing for his Zeitschrift für Hypnotismus (Journal for Hypnotism). The correspondence also revealed that their harmony in certain views did not prevent them from refusing requests made by the other. The letters discussed in this article enrich the knowledge on these two prominent neurologists of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
本文分析了莱比锡神经学家保罗·尤利乌斯·默比乌斯在1889年至1902年间写给他苏黎世同事奥古斯特 - 亨利·福雷尔的15封信和明信片的内容。此外,还将它们置于两位通信者著作的背景中进行考量。保存在苏黎世大学医学历史研究所和博物馆的这15份文件构成了通信的一半,而福雷尔回复的信件似乎并未保存下来。到目前为止,传记研究忽略了此处分析的这些信件。催眠术和医学暗示以及它们在治疗乃至治愈某些神经和精神障碍(主要是神经官能症,但也包括某些躯体疾病)方面的效果和功效,构成了连接默比乌斯和福雷尔的纽带。交流较少关注讨论催眠术的细节或概念。默比乌斯似乎对与福雷尔一起研究实际应用更感兴趣。此外,默比乌斯和福雷尔都认为,当时主要以大脑生物学为导向的传统精神病学在很大程度上忽略或至少低估了神经和精神障碍的心理成分。两人都认为当时广泛使用的电疗法具有很强的暗示成分。信件显示,两位通信者都互相请求对方对自己的论文进行评论或讨论。福雷尔邀请默比乌斯考虑为他的《催眠术杂志》撰稿。通信还表明,他们在某些观点上的一致并不妨碍他们拒绝对方的请求。本文所讨论的信件丰富了我们对这两位19世纪末20世纪初杰出神经学家的了解。