Bessot J C
Service de Pneumologie II, C.H.R.U. 67091, Strasbourg.
Allerg Immunol (Paris). 1988 Oct;20(8):293-7.
Many means of protection can be used in work-related asthma. Drug protection may be by symptomatic treatment with classical anti-allergic drugs such as Cromoglycate and Ketotifen. Therapy with corticosteroids has a preventative action on the delayed allergic reaction. Drug protection is however only palliative and incomplete. Individual physical protection needs masks that may be filtering, or anti-dust, or anti-gas, or helmets or masks that have air addition, or even autonomous respirators. The main efforts in prevention should be made against the responsible agents, with their identification and reduction of the level of exposure. This reduction of exposure may be done by re-structuring the work place, by sufficient ventilation and extraction or by addition of moisteners. Modification of the manufacturing process may also be affective, by alterations to make the manipulations in a chamber or closed circuit, to the apparatus, automation and computer control or changes or replacement of the agents responsible for the work-related asthma.
在职业性哮喘中可以采用多种防护手段。药物防护可以使用经典的抗过敏药物进行对症治疗，如色甘酸和酮替芬。皮质类固醇治疗对迟发性过敏反应有预防作用。然而，药物防护只是姑息性的且不完整。个体身体防护需要使用过滤式、防尘、防毒的口罩，或带送风功能的头盔或口罩，甚至是自主呼吸器。预防工作的主要努力方向应针对致病因素，识别并降低接触水平。降低接触水平可以通过重新规划工作场所、充分通风和抽气，或添加湿润剂来实现。对制造工艺进行改进也可能有效，例如改变操作方式使其在腔室或封闭回路中进行，改进设备、实现自动化和计算机控制，或者更换导致职业性哮喘的致病因素。
