Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2018 Dec 19;83(1). doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00040-18. Print 2019 Mar.
Ribosyl 1,5-bisphosphate (PRibP) was discovered 65 years ago and was believed to be an important intermediate in ribonucleotide metabolism, a role immediately taken over by its "big brother" phosphoribosyldiphosphate. Only recently has PRibP come back into focus as an important player in the metabolism of ribonucleotides with the discovery of the pentose bisphosphate pathway that comprises, among others, the intermediates PRibP and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (cf. ribose 5-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate of the pentose phosphate pathway). Enzymes of several pathways produce and utilize PRibP not only in ribonucleotide metabolism but also in the catabolism of phosphonates, i.e., compounds containing a carbon-phosphorus bond. Pathways for PRibP metabolism are found in all three domains of life, most prominently among organisms of the archaeal domain, where they have been identified either experimentally or by bioinformatic analysis within all of the four main taxonomic groups, , TACK, DPANN, and Asgard. Advances in molecular genetics of archaea have greatly improved the understanding of the physiology of PRibP metabolism, and reconciliation of molecular enzymology and three-dimensional structure analysis of enzymes producing or utilizing PRibP emphasize the versatility of the compound. Finally, PRibP is also an effector of several metabolic activities in many organisms, including higher organisms such as mammals. In the present review, we describe all aspects of PRibP metabolism, with emphasis on the biochemical, genetic, and physiological aspects of the enzymes that produce or utilize PRibP. The inclusion of high-resolution structures of relevant enzymes that bind PRibP provides evidence for the flexibility and importance of the compound in metabolism.
核糖基 1,5-二磷酸（PRibP）是 65 年前发现的，被认为是核苷酸代谢的重要中间产物，其“大哥”磷酸核糖基二磷酸立即取代了它的地位。直到最近，随着戊糖二磷酸途径的发现，PRibP 作为核苷酸代谢的重要参与者重新引起了人们的关注，该途径包括 PRibP 和核酮糖 1,5-二磷酸等中间产物（参见戊糖磷酸途径的 5-磷酸核糖和核酮 5-磷酸）。几种途径的酶不仅在核苷酸代谢中产生和利用 PRibP，而且在膦酸盐（即含有碳-磷键的化合物）的分解代谢中也产生和利用 PRibP。PRibP 代谢途径存在于生命的三个领域中，在古菌领域的生物体中最为突出，在那里已经通过实验或生物信息学分析在四个主要分类群（ 、TACK、DPANN 和 Asgard）中的所有生物体中鉴定出它们。古菌分子遗传学的进步极大地提高了对 PRibP 代谢生理学的理解，并且对产生或利用 PRibP 的酶的分子酶学和三维结构分析的调和强调了该化合物的多功能性。最后，PRibP 也是许多生物体中几种代谢活动的效应物，包括哺乳动物等高等生物。在本综述中，我们描述了 PRibP 代谢的所有方面，重点介绍了产生或利用 PRibP 的酶的生化、遗传和生理方面。与 PRibP 结合的相关酶的高分辨率结构的包含提供了证据，证明了该化合物在代谢中的灵活性和重要性。
