墨西哥肝硬化的当前趋势：与世界其他地区的异同
Current trends of liver cirrhosis in Mexico: Similitudes and differences with other world regions.
作者信息
Méndez-Sánchez Nahum, Zamarripa-Dorsey Felipe, Panduro Arturo, Purón-González Emma, Coronado-Alejandro Edgar Ulises, Cortez-Hernández Carlos Alejandro, Higuera de la Tijera Fátima, Pérez-Hernández José Luis, Cerda-Reyes Eira, Rodríguez-Hernández Heriberto, Cruz-Ramón Vania César, Ramírez-Pérez Oscar Lenin, Aguilar-Olivos Nancy Edith, Rodríguez-Martínez Olga Fabiola, Cabrera-Palma Samantha, Cabrera-Álvarez Guillermo
机构信息
Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico.
Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital "Juárez" of México, Mexico City 07760, Mexico.
出版信息
World J Clin Cases. 2018 Dec 6;6(15):922-930. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i15.922.
AIM
To investigate the main current etiologies of cirrhosis in Mexico.
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study that included eight hospitals in different areas of Mexico. These hospitals provide health care to people of diverse social classes. The inclusion criteria were a histological, clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, or imaging diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Data were obtained during a 5-year period (January 2012-December 2017).
RESULTS
A total of 1210 patients were included. The mean age was 62.5 years (SD = 12.1), and the percentages of men and women were similar (52.0% 48.0%). The most frequent causes of liver cirrhosis were hepatitis C virus (HCV) (36.2%), alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (31.2%), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (23.2%), and the least frequent were hepatitis B virus (1.1%), autoimmune disorders (7.3%), and other conditions (1.0%).
CONCLUSION
HCV and ALD are the most frequent causes of cirrhosis in Mexico. However, we note that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as an etiology of cirrhosis increased by 100% compared with the rate noted previously. We conclude that NAFLD will soon become one of the most frequent etiologies of liver cirrhosis in Mexico.
目的
调查墨西哥目前肝硬化的主要病因。
方法
我们开展了一项横断面回顾性多中心研究，纳入了墨西哥不同地区的八家医院。这些医院为不同社会阶层的人群提供医疗服务。纳入标准为肝硬化的组织学、临床、生化、内镜或影像学诊断。数据收集时间为5年（2012年1月至2017年12月）。
结果
共纳入1210例患者。平均年龄为62.5岁（标准差=12.1），男性和女性的比例相似（52.0%对48.0%）。肝硬化最常见的病因是丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）（36.2%）、酒精性肝病（ALD）（31.2%）和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（23.2%），最不常见的是乙型肝炎病毒（1.1%）、自身免疫性疾病（7.3%）和其他情况（1.0%）。
结论
HCV和ALD是墨西哥肝硬化最常见的病因。然而，我们注意到，作为肝硬化病因的非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）与之前记录的发生率相比增加了100%。我们得出结论，NAFLD很快将成为墨西哥肝硬化最常见的病因之一。
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