Rakić Vojin
Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2019 Jan;28(1):46-54. doi: 10.1017/S0963180118000373.
During the previous years, voluntary moral bioenhancement (VMBE) has been contrasted to compulsory moral bioenhancement (CMBE). In this paper a third possible type of moral bioenhancement is discussed: genome editing for moral enhancement of the unborn that is neither voluntary nor compulsory, but involuntary. Involuntary moral bioenhancement (IMBE) might engineer people who will be more moral than they otherwise would have been. The possibilities of genome editing aimed at moral enhancement of our offspring is assessed. It is argued that genome editing might have the potential to engineer our offspring in three domains: to be more empathetic, to be less violently aggressive, and to have a higher potential for complex moral reflection. Genome editing is discussed in these three domains, and a proposal made that a combination of VMBE and IMBE might be the best option humans have to become better.
在过去几年里，自愿性道德生物增强（VMBE）一直与强制性道德生物增强（CMBE）形成对比。本文讨论了第三种可能的道德生物增强类型：对未出生者进行道德增强的基因编辑，这种增强既不是自愿的也不是强制的，而是非自愿的。非自愿性道德生物增强（IMBE）可能会塑造出比原本更有道德的人。本文评估了旨在增强我们后代道德的基因编辑可能性。有人认为，基因编辑可能有潜力在三个领域塑造我们的后代：更具同理心、减少暴力攻击性，以及拥有更高的复杂道德反思潜力。本文在这三个领域对基因编辑进行了讨论，并提出自愿性道德生物增强和非自愿性道德生物增强相结合可能是人类变得更优秀的最佳选择。
