Aadnanes Oddvar, Wallis Selina, Harstad Ingunn
Present Address: Legehuset Nova, Torggata 1, N-2317, Hamar, Norway.
Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489, Trondheim, NO, Norway.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2018 Dec 20;18(1):987. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3792-4.
The number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in Norway is increasing due to immigration from countries with high TB prevalence and few studies have been conducted on general practitioners' (GPs) knowledge of TB in low incidence countries. The main purpose of this study was to explore knowledge, attitudes and practices of TB among Norwegian GPs using a modified Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey template.
A cross-sectional survey of 30 questions was distributed by email using SurveyMonkey to GPs working in municipalities either with or without an asylum reception centre in Eastern Norway (GPwAS or GPw/oAS). The questionnaire assessed demographic data and had 14 questions on TB knowledge and 7 questions on attitudes and practices. Descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS 18.
One hundred ninety five GPs responded and 42% worked in a municipality with an asylum reception centre. There was no significant difference between the two GP groups in relation to demographic variables (all p-values > 0.2). GPwAS were more experienced in diagnosing TB patients compared to GPw/oAS (63.4% vs 44.2%, p = 0.008). There was no significant differences in participation in TB training between the two groups (8.5% vs 7.6%, p = 0.71). The majority of GPs (69%) did not consider TB as a major public health threat and misconceptions of TB epidemiology were identified. Overall, 97 (49.7%) GPs had good TB knowledge level and good TB knowledge level was associated with experience in diagnosing TB patients (p = 0.001) and recent TB training (p = 0.015).
Gaps in TB knowledge and awareness among GPs in Norway need to be addressed if GPs are to be more involved in TB management and prevention in the future. TB training had an effect on the GPs knowledge level and GPwAS had more experience with TB patients but our survey revealed no major differences in KAP between GPwAS and GPw/oAS.
由于来自结核病高流行国家的移民，挪威的结核病病例数正在增加，而在低发病率国家，针对全科医生对结核病的了解情况开展的研究较少。本研究的主要目的是使用改良的知识、态度与实践（KAP）调查模板，探究挪威全科医生对结核病的知识、态度和实践情况。
通过SurveyMonkey以电子邮件方式向挪威东部有或没有庇护接待中心的市镇工作的全科医生发放了一份包含30个问题的横断面调查问卷（有庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生或无庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生）。问卷评估了人口统计学数据，有14个关于结核病知识的问题以及7个关于态度和实践的问题。使用SPSS 18对数据进行描述性和推断性分析。
195名全科医生做出了回应，其中42%在有庇护接待中心的市镇工作。两组全科医生在人口统计学变量方面没有显著差异（所有p值>0.2）。与无庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生相比，有庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生在诊断结核病患者方面更有经验（63.4%对44.2%，p = 0.008）。两组在参与结核病培训方面没有显著差异（8.5%对7.6%，p = 0.71）。大多数全科医生（69%）不认为结核病是主要的公共卫生威胁，并且发现了对结核病流行病学的误解。总体而言，97名（49.7%）全科医生具有良好的结核病知识水平，良好的结核病知识水平与诊断结核病患者的经验（p = 0.001）和近期的结核病培训（p = 0.015）相关。
如果未来全科医生要更多地参与结核病管理和预防，就需要解决挪威全科医生在结核病知识和意识方面的差距。结核病培训对全科医生的知识水平有影响，有庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生对结核病患者有更多经验，但我们的调查显示，有庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生和无庇护接待中心的市镇的全科医生在知识、态度与实践方面没有重大差异。
