Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Plant Cell Environ. 2019 Jan;42(1):1-5. doi: 10.1111/pce.13497.
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is carried out by the legume-rhizobia partnership, is a major source of nitrogen acquisition in natural ecosystems and in agriculture. The benefits to the plant gained through the rhizobial-legume symbiosis can be further enhanced by associations of the legume with arbuscular mycorrhiza. The progressive engagement of the legume host with the rhizobial bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi requires an extensive exchange of signalling molecules. These signals alter the transcriptional profiles of the partners, guiding and enabling extensive microbial and fungal proliferation in the roots. Such interactions and associations are greatly influenced by environmental stresses, which also severely limit the productivity of legume crops. Part II of the Special Issue on Legumes provides new insights into the mechanisms that underpin sustainable symbiotic partnerships, as well as the effects of abiotic stresses, such as drought, waterlogging, and salinity on legume biology. The requirement for germplasm and new breeding methods is discussed as well as the future of legume production in the face of climate change.
共生固氮作用由豆科植物与根瘤菌的共生关系完成，是自然生态系统和农业中获取氮素的主要来源。通过根瘤菌与豆科植物的共生关系，植物可以获得更多的益处。豆科植物与丛枝菌根真菌的联合还可以进一步增强这些益处。豆科植物宿主与根瘤菌和菌根真菌的逐步接触需要广泛的信号分子交换。这些信号改变了伙伴的转录谱，指导并使根中微生物和真菌大量繁殖。这些相互作用和关联受环境胁迫的影响很大，环境胁迫也严重限制了豆科作物的生产力。本期特刊关于豆科植物的第二部分提供了对支持可持续共生伙伴关系的机制以及非生物胁迫（如干旱、水涝和盐度）对豆科植物生物学影响的新见解。本文还讨论了对种质资源和新的育种方法的需求，以及在气候变化面前豆科植物生产的未来。
