1 Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
2 Hum-498 Research Team, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2019 Apr;28(4):490-501. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7140. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Urinary incontinence (UI) may be defined as involuntary urine loss, which can be diagnosed based on patient-reported measures and is a hygiene and social problem in those who have it, affecting their quality of life negatively.
The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of distinct physiotherapy techniques used in the treatment of UI in women through a systematic review of the existing literature. The scales and instruments used for the assessment and follow-up of UI were described.
On searching the PubMed, Dialnet, PEDro, and SciELo databases, 16 articles, with information on 1220 patients that comply with the inclusion criteria and conform to the proposed objectives were obtained, limiting the publication period to 2007-2016. The PRISMA statement was adopted.
The "Pad Test" is a commonly used diagnostic test and bladder diaries on paper; the Oxford scale was used in the assessment of pelvic floor muscle strength. Distinct protocols and techniques have been described in the treatment of UI in women, namely, pelvic floor exercises, vaginal cones, biofeedback, and electrostimulation. Upon analysis of the content of the articles, the quality of the included clinical trials was determined using the PEDro scale.
Studies included in this work propose that physiotherapy treatment may improve UI, the patients' quality of life, and social relations in women. It is necessary to establish group treatment protocols for women with UI, supervised by a physiotherapist to reduce the financial burden incurred from this health problem.
尿失禁（UI）可定义为无意识的尿液流失，可以根据患者报告的测量结果进行诊断，并且是患有该病的人的卫生和社会问题，对他们的生活质量产生负面影响。
本研究旨在通过对现有文献进行系统回顾，确定用于治疗女性 UI 的不同物理治疗技术的有效性。描述了用于评估和随访 UI 的量表和仪器。
通过搜索 PubMed、Dialnet、PEDro 和 SciELO 数据库，获得了符合纳入标准并符合既定目标的 16 篇文章，其中包含 1220 名患者的信息，限定了发表时间为 2007-2016 年。采用 PRISMA 声明。
“垫试验”是一种常用的诊断试验和纸质膀胱日记；牛津量表用于评估盆底肌肉力量。描述了女性 UI 治疗的不同方案和技术，即盆底运动、阴道锥、生物反馈和电刺激。对文章内容进行分析后，使用 PEDro 量表确定了纳入临床试验的质量。
本研究纳入的研究表明，物理治疗可能会改善女性的 UI、生活质量和社会关系。有必要为患有 UI 的女性制定由物理治疗师监督的团体治疗方案，以减轻该健康问题带来的经济负担。
