Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jan;133(1):215-219. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003021.
Chronic hypertension is present in 0.9-1.5% of pregnant women (1) and may result in significant maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The rate of maternal chronic hypertension increased by 67% from 2000 to 2009, with the largest increase (87%) among African American women. This increase is largely secondary to the obesity epidemic and increasing maternal age (1, 2). The trend is expected to continue.The purpose of this document is to clarify the criteria used to define and diagnose chronic hypertension before or during pregnancy, to review the effects of chronic hypertension on pregnancy and vice versa, and to appraise the available evidence for management options. The purpose of these revised best practice recommendations is to provide a rational approach to chronic hypertension in pregnancy based on new research data and relevant pathophysiologic and pharmacologic considerations.
慢性高血压在 0.9-1.5%的孕妇中存在（1），可能导致母婴和新生儿发病率和死亡率显著增加。从 2000 年到 2009 年，慢性高血压的母亲发病率增加了 67%，其中非裔美国妇女的增长率最高（87%）。这种增长在很大程度上是由于肥胖症流行和产妇年龄增加（1，2）。预计这种趋势将持续下去。本文件的目的是澄清在妊娠前或妊娠期间定义和诊断慢性高血压的标准，综述慢性高血压对妊娠的影响及反之亦然，评估管理选择的现有证据。这些修订后的最佳实践建议的目的是基于新的研究数据和相关的病理生理及药理学考虑，为妊娠慢性高血压提供一种合理的方法。
